162 MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. 



them 



arc frequent,"^ 



The spring flora is the most numerous and diversified. 

 Among the Ranunculaceae Delphinium income and Thalic- 

 trum purpurascens are the more important. Podophyllum 

 peltatum, the May apple, essentially gregarious, occupies 

 large patches here and there. Viola pahnata and V. palmata 

 cucullata occur with great frequency, as do Oxalis striday 

 0. violacea and Geum album , though the latter is never abund- 

 ant, single plants or plants in twos and threes being found in 

 the shelter of tree trunks. Sometimes Trijolium procum- 

 hens finds its way into the woods, though it properly belongs 

 on the grassy slopes encountered here and there, where it 

 sometimes takes almost complete possession. Dodecatheon 

 Meadia attracts immediate attention on account of its deli- 

 cate pink blossoms pendent from a slender flower stem, its 

 bright green rosette contrasting sharply with the light brown 

 of the decaying oak-leaves which everywhere cover the ground 

 to a depth of several inches. Other species occurring during 

 the spring in these open woods and readily noted because of 

 the number of individuals are Potentilla canadensisj Spiraea 

 AruncuSj Heuchera . americanaj Daucus Carotaj Sanicula 



F 



marylandicay Thaspium aureum and T. aureum trifoliatumy 

 Cacalia atriplidl olia y Krigia amplexicaulisy Senecio aureuSy 

 Phlox divaricatay Triosteum angiistij olium and T. perfoliatumy 

 Blcphilia ciliatay Brunella vidgaris, Sisyrinchium albidum 

 and S. anceps, and Hypoxis erecta. Polygonatum giganteum 

 and Smilacina racemosay always gregarious, occur with fre- 

 quency. Several species of Carex are found, especially Carex 

 laxiflora latifoliay which persists throughout the year. The 

 spring grasses are inainly Agrostis scahray Eatonia pennsyU 

 vanica and Melica diffusa. Other spring plants encountered 

 are Polemonium reptanSy Cynoglossum virginicumy Physalis 

 suhglahratay Pedicularis canadensis (parasitic on Achillea 

 Millefolium), Penlstemon pubescens, Aphyllon uniflorum, Cypri- 

 pedium pubescens, Camassia Fraseriy Trillium recurvatum 

 and T. sessiley and Botrychium virginianum. 



* The terms "frequent " and *^ abundant " here are used in the sense indicat- 

 ed by Pound and Clements, The Phytogeography of Nebraska. 2 ed. 1900. 



