i ' . a fee 
105 
lilac color than the larger mass. It was usually situated near or at the blue- 
stained periphery of the body. The blue peripheral portions of the body were 
usually sharply defined from the central unstained part and sometimes showed 
small unstained areas. A few of the bodies were oval or elongate in form. This 
was thought to be due to distortion in making the preparation, because in thin 
sections of the tissue such forms were not apparent. In the thicker portions of 
the smears the central part of the bodies was stained blue as was also the 
periphery. These bodies were present in very large numbers in the smears, often 
occurring in aggregations, associated with a large nucleus, thus suggesting that 
they had been contained in a large cell whose outlines had disappeared in the 
process of fixing and staining. 
Microscopical examination of paraffin sections of some of the material which 
had been fixed in Zenker’s fluid, showed that the micro-organisms were generally 
closely packed together throughout the cytoplasm of large endothelial cells with 
single vesicular nuclei. These large cells were very numerous over extensive areas 
and constituted the principal part of the infiltration. The organisms occupied 
most of the available space between the nucleus and the cell membrane. Many 
of these cells contained 20 or more micro-organisms. 
A portion of the lesion of the ulcer was used for the inoculation of a rabbit by 
subcutaneous injection and by scarification of the skin and cornea. No pathogenic 
effect was noted in the animal. An attempt to cultivate the organisms in freshly 
drawn human blood was unsuccessful. 
About the same time that Wright reported the results of his study, Marzi- 
nowsky and Bogrow (34) (1904) described the occurrence of somewhat similar 
bodies in a case of Pendjeh ulcer from Persia. They believed these bodies to be 
protozoa, They were encountered in smears from the granulations at the base of 
the ulcers and were usually oval in form, more seldom round, measuring from 
1 to 3 mw in size. They were frequently found in the protoplasm of epithelioid 
cells; less often they were seen free. They were not observed in red cells. In 
the secretions of the ulcer, or in the old or healing ulcers, the parasites were 
either very scanty or absent. In hanging-drop preparations the organisms 
within the cells were not motile. When lying free they exhibited a slight progres- 
sive motion. In staining with the usual aniline dyes the entire body became 
colored and the nucleus could not be differentiated. Sometimes the bodies lay 
singly or several were grouped together in the vacuoles of a cell. If the prep- 
arations were stained after Giemsa’s method for chromatin (methylene-azure and 
eosin), the structure of the body was more clearly differentiated. The entire 
body was stained blue, showing two particles of chromatin (macro- and micro- 
nucleus). The first, a larger mass, was rounded and stained light blue; the 
second colored more deeply (red-lilac) and usually appeared in the form of a 
rod; it was rarely spherical in outline. This latter body, when rod-shaped, lay 
either perpendicular or parallel to the more lightly stained chromatin mass. 
In some of the forms only this rod-like particle of chromatin was stained. 
Attempts to cultivate the organism in various culture media failed. Experiments 
in the inoculation of rabbits and guinea pigs were also unsuccessful. 
Plehn, (4) during the present year, has described in detail the lesions from 
a case in which the sore was contracted in Mesopotamia or south Persia. The 
epidermis over the lesion was unchanged. Upon microscopical examination, 
everywhere in the neighborhood of the area in which cell infiltration occurred, 
but here only and with increasing density toward the surface, could be seen, 
with a moderate magnification, collections of rounded bodies, measuring from 1 to 
1.5 mw in diameter and lying between the round cells. With a higher power 
(apochromatic one-twelfth, compensation ocular 8-12) it could be observed that 
