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sponding period in the primary lesion of variola inoculata in the monkey. No 
evidence of a general exanthem is present. Axillary lymph nodes enlarged, measur- 
ing 1 to 1.5 centimeters in diameter, deep-red in color, and on section rather dry. 
Peritoneal cavity contains one liter of clear, straw-colored fluid. Surfaces of 
normal color and texture. Pleural and pericardial cavities normal. Heart.— 
Valves and cavities normal; myocardium red-brown in color and of firm con- 
sistency. Lungs.—Normal. NSpleen.—Capsule smooth, purple, on section pulp 
rather dry, color deep red-brown. Malpighian bodies and trabecule not prom- 
inent. Liver—General surface smooth and yellow-brown in color. On section, 
markings distinct and consistency normal. Pancreas——Normal. Gastro-enteric 
tract.—Stomach normal. The mucosa of the cecum and of the colon presents 
numerous punctate hemorrhages, Aidneys.——Capsule strips readily from a 
smooth yellow-brown surface. On section general color opaque yellowish-brown 
with irregular areas of injection in the cortex. Glomeruli visible as bright, red 
points. Genital organs and bladder normal. Bone marrow of femur deep red, 
homogeneous, and of firm consistency. Brain and meninges normal. Smears from 
the heart’s blood show immense numbers of small, short, bacilli, which take a 
polar stain with Loeffler’s methylene blue. 
Bacteriological examination.—Cultures from the heart’s blood, the liver, and 
the spleen yield an organism which was identified by Dr. W. B. Wherry, bac- 
teriologist of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science, as belonging to the 
group of organisms causing hemorrhagic septicemia in animals. 
Histological examination.—Primary lesion, Six days. ‘The point of inoculation 
is marked by a complete destruction of the epithelium. The material present here 
consists of a lamella of cornified epithelium which fuses with a more or less homo- 
geneous crust in which cell elements can occasionally be recognized. The upper 
layers of the corium at this place are more or less extensively necrosed, the connec- 
tive-tissue fibers are swollen and fused with one another and with the crust. Cell 
detritus is scattered through this tissue. <A fibrin network lies in the lacunae of the 
corium in this region. On either side of the line of inoculation, immediately adjoin- 
ing the crust, the cells of the rete are recognizable but are very much degenerated. 
Between these degenerated cells and the cornified layer are finely granular areas 
of the size of epithelial cells, each outlined by a membrane, but not containing 
recognizable cell structure. Polymorphonuclear leucocytes are present in this 
tissue, their nuclei often fragmented or show other signs of degeneration. As we 
pass outward from the line of inoculation the degenerated rete splits horizontally, 
one layer more or less imperfect following along the surface of the corium, while 
the other, still merging superficially with the degenerated strata above, curves up 
to form an almost complete band across the vesicle. Between this superficial 
layer of the rete and the corium is a lenticular cavity filled with a fine, granular 
material and containing a fibrin network. At the outer limits of the vesicle the 
cornified layer sweeps downward to merge with the thickened epidermis which 
marks the outer limits of the lesion. The layer of rete which forms the floor of 
the vesicle likewise runs into this thickened region. Beyond the main vesicle 
small cavities are to be seen in the middle layers of the epidermis. Some of 
these are evidently formed by hydropic degeneration of the cells, the cell mem- 
branes persisting as partitions across the cavity. In others these partitions have 
disappeared and the process seems in part due to an accumulation of fluid within 
and between these cell cavities. On the other side of the line of inoculation 
vesicle formation is evident for a considerable distance. Here, however, the rete 
remains intact and the collection of fluid is between and within the cells of the 
stratum granulosum and stratum spinosum. In places this vesicle is traversed by 
more or less vertical partitions composed of compressed epithelial cells. 
