TA? | eee yt a, 
PART IV. 
ON THE OCCURRENCE OF CYTORYCTES VARIOLAZ GUAR- 
NIERI INEXPERIMENTAL VARIOLA AND VACCINIA IN THE 
MONKEY AND IN THE ORANG-UTAN. 
In a previous publication from the Department of Pathology of the 
Harvard Medical School, the specific inclusions found in the cells in 
vaccinia and variola, which have been the subject of investigation by 
Guarnieri and others,* were described at length, and the conclusion was 
reached that they were intracellular organisms. In addition to the bodies 
in the protoplasm, which are common to the lesions of vaccinia and of 
variola, a series was found within the nuclei of the epithelial cells in the 
specific lesions of variola. These intranuclear bodies were first described 
by Councilman, Magrath, and Brinckerhoff, and were regarded by them 
as phases of the organism peculiar to smallpox. 
In the present paper the name “Cytoryctes” will be applied to the 
specific nuclear as well as to the specific cytoplasmic forms. Since the 
morphology of these various forms has fully been described by a number 
of observers,° this phase of the problem will not be treated in this paper, 
attention being directed to the occurrence and distribution of these 
inclusions in various lesions produced experimentally in monkeys and in 
the orang-utan. 
Literature.—Since the preliminary report on variola by Councilman, 
Magrath, and Brinckerhoff,'° Bosc has published a series of articles relat- 
ing to smallpox and vaccinia. He describes in vaccinia and in variola 
cytoplasmic forms which possess definite structure and which pass 
through a developmental cycle resulting in multiplication. In variola 
he describes an additional cycle within the nucleus, and the forms pic- 
tured are similar to those discovered by Councilman. He believes these 
structures to be the causal agent in the disease. 
Ewing (7) considers the cytoplasmic forms of cytoryctes as products 
of degeneration of the cytoreticulum, in support of which he cites the 
intimate relation of the bodies to the reticulum of the cell. The cycle 
presented by the various forms he believes to be one of degeneration 
‘For literature to 1904 see Journal of Medical Research, 11, 116. 
® Councilman, Magrath, and Brinckerhoff (3), Calkins (1), Howard and Perkins 
(9), Bose (4) (5). 
* Councilman, Magrath, and Brinekerhoff (2), May, 1903. 
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