198 The Philippine Journal of Science 1922 
pines. In such a manner are broad ‘geological explorations 
guided by paleontology. 
Many volumes of Earth’s Books of Rock are missing in the 
stratigraphic record of the Philippines, and of the individual 
books complete chapters are missing or so badly mutilated by 
subsequent earth movements—the geologic scribes—that their 
deciphering is extremely difficult. The Archaean and Paleozoic 
sets are entirely missing. Of this great library of Earth’s 
Geologic History, only a small fragment of the Mesozoic set is 
known, and even in the Tertiary only the Miocene and Pliocene 
prints are fairly readable. Much of the Pleistocene volume, 
the last of this wonderful history, is yet to be pieced together, 
although it is fresh from the Graver’s hands. 
BRIEF REVIEW OF THE IMPORTANT PALEONTOLOGICAL LITERATURE 
Baron Richthofen: first reported some interesting Foramin- 
ifera from Binangonan Peninsula and referred to them as 
Nummulites with an assignment of the beds yielding them to the 
Eocene. Later Abella* referred certain limestones in Cebu to 
the Eocene as they likewise contained supposed Nummulites. 
Felix Karrer*® described some Foraminifera from Zambales 
Mountains and recognized the Miocene age of the tuffs yielding 
them. Martin,‘ in a very excellent paper, laid the first firm 
foundation for Philippine paleontology by recognizing Vicarya 
callosa Jenkins and its associated fauna in Miocene beds of 
Cagayan Valley and the vicinity of Aringay, La Union. His 
recognition of Pliocene in Agusan Valley on apparently very 
scanty evidence really indicated his great grasp of Malayan 
paleontology and geology. W.D. Smith® reviewed the question 
*Richthofen, Ferdinand von, Vorkommen der Nummulitenformation in 
den Philippinen, Zeitschr. d. deutschen geol. Ges. 14 (1862) 357-360. Cf. 
Sobre la formacion numulitica del Japon y de Filipinas (1862). 
* Abella y Casariego, Enrique, Rapida descripcién fisica, geolégica y 
minera de la isla de Cebu. Madrid, Tello (1886) 187, 6 pls.,1 map. Also 
Bol. de la Com. del Mapa geol. de Espafia 13 (1886). 
* Karrer, Felix, Foraminiferos de las margas terciarias de la isla de 
Luzon (Filipinas), Bol. de la Com. del Mapa geol. de Espafia 7 (1880) 
257-282, 2 pls. 
‘Martin, Karl, Ueber tertiire Fossilien von den Philippinen, Samm. des 
geol. Reichs-Museums in Leiden 5 (1896) 52-69, 2 cuts. Translation, 
Becker, Geology of the Philippine Islands, Annual Rep. U. S. Geol. Survey 
21° (1901) 493-644. See also Orbitoides von den Philippinen, Centralbl. 
f. Mineral., Geol. u. Paleon.. (1901) No. 11. 
* Smith, Warren Dupré, Orbitoides from the Binangonan limestone, etc., 
Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) 203-209, 2 pls. 
