* 
20, 2 Dickerson: Review of Philippine Paleontology 215 
west from Baguio, elevation, 3,500 feet (about 1,066 meters). 
An unconformity probably exists near this locality. 
As von Drasche pointed out, the great altitude of this coralline 
limestone is very striking, and the great amount of movement 
in northern Luzon since these Pliocene coralline limestones were 
deposited is very notable. Mount Mirador is about 1,200 meters 
in elevation and similar limestones are reported from Sagada 
at 1,372 meters. Smith** describes the limestone at Sagada 
as follows: 
The most extensive development of it is probably at Sagada, where 
we find it projecting from the soil and talus in great masses as shown 
in the photograph. The bedding planes, which can be distinctly made 
out even in the picture, dip about 20° southeast. On the weathered sur- 
faces the stone is bluish gray, but on fresh fracture it is cream white to 
reddish. Plate IV, fig. 2, shows the characteristic spirelike forms produced 
by the dissolving action of the heavy rainfall of this region. 
A thin section of the rock shows innumerable fragments of the well- 
known Mio-Pliocene marine alga, Lithothamnion ramosissimum Reuss. 
This formation, therefore, is equivalent to the upper limestone in Cebu 
and many other parts of the Archipelago. 
Apparently associated with these coralline limestones are 
some fine-grained tuffs which yielded a fine flora. Smith’s de- 
scription of the locality is as follows: 
At Sagada, where Father Staunton, of the Sagada Mission, has opened 
@ quarry to secure material for his new church, is perhaps the best section 
of the tuff beds to be seen anywhere in the province. The face of the 
quarry is about 15 meters high and reveals the following beds: 
1. Soil and loose material. 
2. Tuff in heavy beds, 1.5 to 3 meters. 
8. Yellow-stained shale, 0.5 meter. 
4. Tuff in solid bed with varying texture, 18 meters. 
5. Bluish black shaly-looking rock which is very fine-grained, 1 meter. 
* * * The dip is about 20° to the southeast. In the shaly portions 
are great numbers of leaf impressions. 
Doctor Smith submitted these fossils to Mr. E. D. Merrill, bota- 
nist of the Bureau of Science, who described them as follows: 
The fossil remains, mostly remarkably clear leaf impressions, all, or 
nearly all, represent species still living in the Philippines at low and 
medium altitudes, and an examination of the material shows that the forest 
im the Bontoc locality was a typical mixed dipterocarp forest such as is 
found to-day in all parts of the Philippines, where primeval vegetation 
Persists, from sea level to an altitude of about 800 meters. None of the 
Species is found to-day within the limits of Bontoc subprovince, and very 
few of them are to be found in any part of Mountain Province. None of 
them is found above an altitude of approximately 800 meters, while the 
Present altitude of the fossil-bearing strata is 1,500 meters. 
; 
* Smith, W. D., Philip. Journ. Sci. § A 10 (1915) 194. 
