256 . The Philippine Journal of Science 1922 
stone made up of rounded grains (with a few angular frag- 
ments) in a siliceous matrix. Magnetite and feldspar are 
present. 
Interbedded with this sandstone is a medium-grained, com- 
pact, light gray calcareous rock, in which specimens of Lepido- 
cyclina can be recognized in the limestone fragments between 
subangular crystals of feldspar, hornblende, olivine, and mag- 
netite. It is an impure sandstone that strikes about north-south, 
dips at a high angle to the west, and is post-Vigo in age. 
In going from Talalora to Calbiga by launch, several limestone 
islands are passed. Caves on some of these islands were used 
by the early inhabitants of Samar as burial places. Mr. Joseph 
Motak, of Catbalogan, presented me with a deformed human 
skull which he found in a cave on Awacan (Aocon?) Island, near 
Villareal. The chapel cave, from which Mr. Dean C. Worcester 
and others made an interesting anthropological collection with 
in the last few years, is in this neighborhood. 
Concerning this portion of the coast, Adams says: 
In traveling by steamer from Catbalogan, Samar, to Carigara, Leyte, 
and returning from Tacloban through the straits and interisland passages 
to Catbalogan, an opportunity was given to see the islands at close range, 
but no landing was made. The islands consist of sedimentary rocks with 
some igneous rocks which appear to form the axis of the trend, and, if 
they are not a continuation of the igneous rocks of northeastern Leyte, 
they at least follow structural lines. * * * These [sedimentary beds] 
are imperfect sandstones and nodular and concretionary argillaceous beds. 
Adams states that the outcrops dip at low angles to the east- 
ward. To verify these statements will take more detailed field 
work, but from what has been stated already, it will be seen 
that Adams’s generalizations may not be fully justified. 
Good specimens of marl éome from the vicinity of Otoc, near 
Calbiga, while in the bed of Palongi Creek, near the town (sta- 
tion 45 H.G.S.) is a hard, gray arkosic sandstone, speckled with 
black dots. It is compact, medium-grained, and made up of 
angular to subrounded grains of magnetite, hornblende, feldspar, 
and secondary calcite. 
Petrography.—The detailed study of the rocks of Samar 
brought out several points, which will be reviewed here. The 
changes in thickness of sedimentary ‘beds varies within short 
distances, and torrential rains of the earlier periods doubtless 
*® Adams, G. I., Geological reconnaissance of the Island of Leyte—with 
notes and observations on the adjacent smaller islands and southwestern 
Samar, Philip. Journ. Sci. § A 4 (1909) 351, 352. 
