20,5 Hartendorp: Some Results with Intelligence Tests 293 
It seems extremely improbable that this superiority is in any consider- 
able measure due to higher education.® 
It would be wrong to affirm that schooling has no influence 
at all upon the intelligence score, especially in the case of Fili- 
pinos who are given the test in the English language; for, al- 
though the Filipinos in question speak English and teach in 
English schools, they are, of course, less familiar with the 
language than American teachers. However, it will be shown 
later that this influence must not be overemphasized even in 
this case. A very considerable difference in average intelligence 
will be noted between seventh-grade and college graduates (see 
Table 4). It is much more likely that the teachers of lower 
educational attainments would have been unable to continue 
their education in the higher classes successfully. The C, or 
average grade of intelligence, in this case represented by a score 
from 52 to 81, “is rarely capable of finishing a high school 
course.” ® 
The large gap between the average score of the teachers who 
had completed the intermediate school and those who had com- 
pleted the first-year high-school course—73.5 and 85.6, boys 
only (teachers in the Bureau of Education rate their “attain- 
ment” as one year in advance of the year actually completed) — 
is probably of great significance in the matter of the high 
“mortality” in the first-year high-school class in the Philippines. 
About half of the students fail each year. 
The fact that the normal-school graduates rank higher than 
the high-school graduates may be explained by the fact that, 
while normal-school graduates are definitely destined for the 
TABLE 5.—Showing equivalent scores in the army tests and the Otis scale. 
Letter Army Otis 
rating. test. scale. 
A....| Very superior intelligence.....2.-. -.--2----------- 185-212 | 142-230 
Manns Waperion tnteliisehes o-oo ep ne fags 105-184 | 112-141 
UF ..) High avéwagw tutelligedee <2 oe, ee ee 76-104 | 82-111 
V1 tA verewewneditnenes:.. ito lide eet a ey 45-74 | 52-81 
P<. Low awerage-Intelitranee<.- .i0s0.sasennocoecee rossi aoda¥0~~---- <> 25-44 | 2-51 
Mass] sitielor inteliguiee. |. an pees wana ee oon cas 15-24 | 22-31 
D—__) Very inferior intalligeride 05.2 Joe. ele Ae ee na hs ele 0-14 0-21 
Le Sie 
“Yerkes, Bridges, and Hardwick, Point Scale for Measuring Mental 
Ability. Baltimore (1915) 98. 
*Yoakum and Yerkes, Army Mental Tests. New York (1920) 23. 
