486 The Philippine Journal of Science 1922 
toplasmic connecting filaments; almost always only eight divide, 
seldom more (though occasionally as many as 14) and more 
seldom less. Bending to the hollow sphere begins mostly in the 
8-celled stage. Besides these there occur in the asexual coeno- 
bia not infrequently a larger number (10 to 30) of undivided or 
once-divided gonidia which do not develop further. 
The daughter coenobia reach at time of birth mostly a size 
of 150 to 200 » (very seldom more, though sometimes as much 
as 320 »); at this time the somatic cells are hexagonal from 
mutual pressure, the cell membranes not thickened, and the 
gonidia and androgonidia are not yet fully developed and still 
undivided. . 
The sexual coenobia are normally always monoecious and usu- 
ally proterandrous, though sometimes the eggs and spermato- 
zoids mature simultaneously in the same coenobium. 
The androgonidia have the amoeboid form of the gonidia and 
nearly the same size, reaching about 15 »; their number is some- 
what variable, usually about five become functional, though some- 
times as few as one or as many as fifteen. 
The antheridia are platelets or hollow spheres of numerous 
spermatozoids, seldom less than 100, often very many more. 
Diameter of the antheridial sperm bundles 23 to 34 » [accord- 
ing to Cohn (’75, p. 18) 35 to 44 »]. ; 
Spermatozoids 5 to 6 » long with pale green or yellowish 
chloroplast; a very long colorless beak at the base of which 
two long cilia are inserted near the stigma and the two contrac- 
tile vacuoles. Rarely the cilia are borne on the end of the beak. 
The nucleus is rod-shaped (Overton, ’89, p. 30) and without 
& nucleolus. 
The sperm bundles and spheres partly break up within the 
mother coenobium and partly are discharged into the water 
where the constituent spermatozoids separate. r? 
The gynogonidia early become rounded off and reach a size 
of 44 to 50 or even 56 uw. They number 20 to 64, mostly about 
30. The oospore has a smooth inner membrane and a:stellate 
prickly outer membrane. When ripe they are brownish red (in 
glycerine clear orange red). bd 
To the foregoing synopsis of the characters of Volvox glo- 
bator Ehrenberg, as stated by Klein (’90), two featuregathat 
have been brought to light more recently may be here a ed. 
The oospore has been found by Janet (’14, p. 6, fig. 1) to consist 
of a large zygote inclosed in a thin spherical follicle formed of a 
% 
