20, 5 West and Feliciano: Extraction of Copra Cake 513 
In these experiments the material was exposed to the solvent 
for a longer period of time than is customary in technical 
analysis, which requires usually only twelve hours. 
RESULTS 
The average results obtained by extracting expeller copra 
cake with different solvents are recorded in Table 3. These 
figures give a fairly accurate idea as to the relative extractive 
power of the solvents with copra cake. 
TABLE 3.—Extraction of expeller copra cake with solvents. 
Extraction. i 
Solvent. 
3 hours. | 6 hours. | 8 hours. | 10 hours. | 24 hours. | 36 hours. 
Per ct. Per ct. | Per ct. Per ct. | Per ct. Per ct. 
Li SRR sae ee aen an acai 13. 38 13.49 13.58 13.69 13.80 | 13.90 
Carbon tetrachloride........-___ __. 18. 28 18.55 13.56 13.32 18.45 | 18.58 
POUGNO ce ee 13,29 13.50 13. 67 13.85 13.93} 14,42 
Petroleum ether (40° to 55°)___._____ 18. 86 Fi OS ie atau ed wectarte 16.40, aces tc, 
Shlerdtorth = 20g eg 14,22 15.04 15. 28 15. 32 15.40{ 15.46 
Pvetne ces os Ce ee 15. 43 15. 80 16. 13 16,39 17.04; 18.19 
Ethyl alcohol (absolute)__...________ 24. 74 26. 55 28.12 29.05 31.51] 33.90 
Ethyl alcohol (95 per cent) __-___-__- 27.27 29,18 30. 52 31. 85 $2.87 | 34,05 
| Metnyi peste Oe 30.86} 32.66} 38.35| 933.80/ 34.40 36.47 | 
Copra cake contains not only coconut oil but also other sub- 
stances, such as crude fiber, protein, and small amounts of 
nonfatty substances. In extracting copra cake with different 
Solvents we would naturally expect some of the solvents to give 
a greater percentage of extraction than others, because the non- 
oleaginous material in the copra cake is likely to be more soluble 
in some solvents than in others. 
The figures given in Table 3 show that the percentage of 
extraction is approximately the same for ether, carbon tetra- 
chloride, and benzene. Chloroform and acetone give a somewhat 
higher percentage while the alcohols give a very high percent- 
age, especially methyl alcohol, which gives over 30 per cent for a 
three-hour period. Petroleum ether gives about the same result 
as ether for a three-hour period, but for longer periods the 
extraction is somewhat greater. 
These results would seem to indicate that ether, carbon 
tetrachloride, and benzene dissolve less of the nonfatty sub- 
stances than do the other solvents and should give more accurate 
results than chloroform, acetone, and petroleum ether which 
