

21 



LORANTHUS BICOLOR. 



FERONIA ELEPHANTUM 



22 



Filaments five, from the base of the segments of the corol, short. 



Anthers linear. 

 Germ beneath, naked. Style length of the corol. Stigma headed. 

 Berry below, crown'd with the remaining calyx, oblong, smooth, 



pulpy, one-cell'd. 

 Seed single. 



les small, terminal, axillary, either from where the leaves 



This is found growing upon the branches of various trees ; is very 

 ramous ; flowers during the greatest part of the year. 



It is a handsome parasite, bearing a great number of very beau- 

 tiful flowers ; its foliage also is beautiful. The upper part of the 

 branch of the tree, on which it grows, soon perishes. 



140. 



LORANTHUS SCURRULA 



Linn. spec, plant. 4 7 2. 



The natives have no other name for this, than Wadinik 



Leaves opposite, petioled, hearted, scollop'd, below covered with 



soft white down ; about two inches long, and one and a half 



broad. 



Peduncles numerous, collected in the axills, one-or more-flower'd. 



Flowers considerably smaller than in the last, of a rusty-grey colour, 



and covered with grey, farinaceous dust. 



Br act e pressing on the germ, as in the last. 



Calyx of the fruit, no other than the bracte of the flower, as in the 



former. 



Corol one-petard: tube swell'd most towards the base; border four- 

 parted, upper fissure deepest: divisions linear, reflected. 



Stamens and Pistil as in the last. 



Berry top-shape, one-seeded. 



It is also a parasitical shrub, but smaller considerably than the 

 last, and much scarcer; grows in the same manner. Flowers during 

 the wet season. 



141. 



FERONIA ELEPHANTUM 



Correa in Act. Soc. Linn. 5. p. 22 4. 



Elephant-or Wood-apple Tree of the English. 

 Balong of the native Portuguese. 

 Yellanga of the Telingas. 

 Vellangay of the Tamuls. 



Trunk erect, grows to a pretty large tree. Bark deeply crack'd and 



split in various directions, dark, dirty colour. 



Branches few, irregular, forming a scanty ill-looking top. 



Thorns axillary, single, erect, very strong and sharp ; sometimes 



(though rarely) they are wanting on many of the branches. 



Leaves on the young shoots alternate ; on the last, or two years 



branchlets, two, three, four, or more come out together from 

 the old axills, or about the thorns ; feather'd with an odd one; 

 from three to five inches long. Lea/lets opposite, two or three 

 pair, nearly equal, oblong, often slightly notch'd, emargi- 

 nated, firm, smooth, shining deep green, about an inch and a 

 half long, and three quarters broad. Petiole articulated, and 

 somewhat wing'd. 



Stipules none. 



VOL. II. 



stood, or 

 bearing. 



from the axills of the thorns, frequently leaf- 



Flowers tinged with red, hermaphrodite and male mixed. 



HERMAPHRODITE FLOWERS. 



Calyx small, five-tooth'd, below. 



Petals five, oblong, spreading, many times larger than the calyx. 



Filaments ten, short, awl'd, equal, hairy on the inside near the base. 



Anthers erect, before they burst, very large, and tinged red ; 



afterwards they become small and yellow. 

 Germ above, oblong, sessile; in the male or barren flowers, which 



are most numerous, very minute, and globular. Style short, 



thick ; in the male flowers scarcely any. Stigma small, headed, 



somewhat five-lobed. 

 Berry globular, about the size of a large apple, covered with a hard, 



grey, scabrous, woody shell, one-cell'd. 

 Receptacles five, longitudinal, wedge-form, with their sharp edges 



projecting inwards, which gives a stellated appearance to the 

 transverse section of the fruit. 



Seeds many. 



Male flowers like the hermaphrodite, but here the pistil is small 



and sterile. 



This grows wild in most woods and mountainous parts in India. 

 Flowers during the cold and hot seasons. Fruit ripe during the hot 

 and rainy seasons. 



From wounds made in the bark of this tree exudes a most beau- 

 tiful transparent gum, which Mr. Smart, the miniature painter, told 

 me exceeded every thing he had ever seen for mixing with his 

 colours. 



The wood is white, hard and durable, but, when exposed to the 

 sun, it soon splits. 



The fruit is universally eaten on this coast ; I mean the pulpy 

 part, in which the seeds lie immersed. 



142. 



BERGIA AQUATICA. 



Bergia capensis. Linn. Mant. 241. 



Pola-tsjira. Rheed. Malab. 9. p. 153. t. 7 8 

 Neeroo Pavala of the Telingas. 



Stem creeping, with extremities and branchlets erect, round, smooth, 



jointed ; length, as in all water plants, very various. 



Leaves opposite, sessile, lanced, saw'd, smooth, shining, about an 



inch and a half long. 

 Flowers axillary, very numerous, as if verticill'd. 

 Peduncle one-flower'd, short. 



* Description by Dr. Koenig. 



Folia pinnata : pinna extimae majores. 



Corymhi axillares. Pedunculi filiformes, glabri, articulati, flore vix longiores. Bractea duae, 



* * 



opposite, minimae. 



Calyx monophyllus, parvus, glaber, caducus, quinquedentatus : denticuli subasquales, rubri, 

 subcallosi. 



Petala quinque, oblonga, acuta, plana, subcarnosa, albicantia, extus glandulis minimis 

 rarioribus adspersi. 



Filamenta plerumque decern, interdum plura vel pauciora, basi villis marginalibus invicem 

 arete cohaerentia, caetera glabra. Anthera oblongae, filamentis longiores, croceas. 



Germen superum, ovatum, glabrum. Stylus conicus, crassus, glaber. Stigma simplex, in 

 junioribus, sulcis quatuor decurrentibus notatum. 



Bacca ovalis, tecta cortice crasso cinereo albicanti, uniloculars, polysperma, magnitudine 

 pomi granati; 



