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XII, C, 4 Brown, Merrill and Yates: Volcano Island 197 
difficulty. When Gates mentions the occurrence of tree vegeta- 
tion he evidently refers in almost all, or in all, cases to a dis- 
tributional stage in which the trees are scattered. 
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The contour linps indicated on this map, 
which was made before the 
hold good in the rpgion east and west of 
icrater in particular’ The shore line hae al: 
been som chary submergence] 
| Fig. 2. Areas on Volcano Island invaded by plants in 1913 and 1914, 
While some of Gates’s statements are inexact, we believe that 
“with the help of his pictures and a knowledge of the present 
vegetation of the island we have interpreted them correctly. 
Text fig. 2, a map taken from Gates’s paper, shows the areas in 
