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common use, I have never seen an individual of this tribe make pottery 
of any sort. Apparently many of the highly valued earthen pots have 
come from China. 
Wood carving is not common. I have seen only scratch-work, black- 
ened with soot and wax or grease, on bamboo lime-boxes, and ornamental 
clothes-hangers of carved wood on which figures had been burned with 
hot irons. Kalinga fireplaces are usually provided with carefully cut, 
stone fire-dogs. 
The Kalinga is a bold warrior and an inveterate head-hunter. His 
arms consist of shield, head-axe (Pl. X, fig. 3), and lance. he shield 
is painted black, with red and yellow rattan lashings. It has three points 
above and two below and is of a graceful form, peculiar to the people of 
this tribe. (Pl. LXI, fig. 2,b.) The head-axe has a slender blade with a 
curved, cutting edge on one side and a long, projecting spine on the other. 
The wooden handle is frequently ornamented with bands of metal of 
different colors and has on it a projecting point under which the first 
finger may be hooked to prevent the axe from slipping from the grasp 
when it is carried blade down. Ordinarily it is thrust into the waistband 
of the owner. It is a tool as well as a weapon. (PI. LX, fig. 1, b.) 
The lances show a great variety of forms. Some of them have heads 
of hardened bamboo ornamented with scratch-work designs and with | 
plumes of horsehair. Others have steel heads which may be plain or may 
have two to six or even eight pairs of barbs. Many of the lance-shafts are 
ornamented with horsehair plumes and with lashings or woven envelopes 
of scarlet, yellow, and black rattan. (PI. LX, figs. 2, b, ¢, d, and e.) 
The head-hunting expeditions of the Kalingas are carefully planned in 
advance, and a plan of campaign once formed is carried out as closely 
as circumstances will permit. A band of forty or fifty warriors may be 
on the trail for days before they reach their objective point. The combat 
is usually begun from ambush, and is of short duration. The man who 
first reaches the enemy is the leader. As soon as either side has a com- 
batant down, it concentrates its efforts on saving his head and to this 
end tries to get away with him as speedily as possible. 
Warriors always make a determined effort to secure the heads of 
enemies killed in battle and to carry them to their rancherias, where they 
are immediately exhibited in bamboo baskets at the houses of the persons 
who took them. These baskets, which are in general use among the 
Kalingas and Tingians, are made in the following manner: A thick 
piece of green bamboo of the proper. length is sharpened at one end and 
driven into the ground. The other end is split down for a foot and a 
half or two feet in such a manner as to make a dozen flexible slats. 
These slats are then separated and others are interwoven with them in 
a horizontal direction so as to form a conical basket with its point directed 
downward and ending in a solid stem of bamboo. A pair of partially 
