843 
participated in by women who do not join the line, but keep near it, 
dancing with outstretched arms and with much rising on tiptoes and 
descending on the flats of the feet. 
In the head:dance, the chief actor goes through the motions of hunting 
down and killing his enemy, taking his head, etc., dancing meantime to 
the accompaniment of gansas played by men who at the same time 
themselves dance, as do the women who happen to be near. (Pl. LIV, 
fig. 2.) 
Tn another dance the men‘form a line with their arms about each other’s 
necks, and the women form a similar one immediately behind them. 
The man at the right holds in his hand a stick which he stretches toward 
the ground from time to time. This dance is executed to the tune of 
rather mournful singing by the participants, and is accompanied with 
much flexing of the body and legs. (Pl. LV, fig. 2.) It is said to 
be performed in connection with funerals. : All of the dances of the 
Bontoe Igorots are spirited and striking affairs. 
The Bontoe Jgorot is monogamous. He has but one wife and is 
usually faithful to her. However, he has the peculiar custom of trial 
marriage, a young couple establishing a temporary union while the girl 
is still living in the élag and leaving future events to determine whether 
this union shall become permanent. The advent of a child usually 
settles the matter in the affirmative. 
Unfruitful unions generally lead to divorce, separation being accom- 
plished by mutual consent between husband and wife. In case either 
party to a marriage deserts the other, he or she must pay a fine of one 
or more rice plots or other valuable property. If either party dies, the 
other must hot remarry for at least a year. 
Theft, lying to shield oneself from the consequences of evil deeds, 
assault and battery, adultery and murder are recognized as crimes by the 
Bontoe Igorots. There are a number of interesting tests to determine 
which of several suspected persons is guilty of a crime, but I will not 
describe them, as we have not sufficient knowledge of similar practices 
among the other northern Luzon tribes to establish a comparison of 
importance. However, it should be said in passing that one of these 
is the rice-chewing test, in which each of the suspected persons is made 
to chew a mouthful of raw rice, and to spit it out at word of command. 
Each mouthful is then examined, and the person whose rice is driest is 
considered guilty, it being supposed that the guilty one will be frightened 
during the trial and that the flow of saliva will consequently be checked. 
This same test occurs among the Tagbanuas of Palawan and the Mang- 
yans of Mindoro. 
The Bontoc Zgorots believe that sickness and death are caused by 
anitos. ‘They have medicine for wounds, burns, and headaches. ‘They 
poultice boils and other sores, and make a salve of millet and charcoal 
to use in curing the itch. Toothache is treated with salt mixed with 
