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847 
which are worn between their lips and front teeth, completely closing 
their mouths. (Pl. XXI, fig. 3.) These gold bands are no longer made, 
the ones which exist having been handed down by the ancestors of the 
present generation. 
In the vicinity of Suyok, large, and strangely fashioned, gold ornaments, 
which, for want of a better name may be called brooches, are occasionally 
met with. (PI. XXV, fig. 3b.) 
The Benguet-Lepanto Igorots usually live in well-defined settlements 
(Pl. XXVIII, fig. 1), although occasionally one finds single families 
inhabiting remote and inaccessible mountain fastnesses. The dwelling 
house may have a grass roof and sides and be placed on the ground, or 
it may have board sides with a thatched roof, and be either placed on the 
ground or raised several feet above it on piles. (Pl. XXXII, fig. 2; 
Pl. XXXIV, fig. 1.) Frequently it has a platform under the eaves, on 
which the occupants sit during rainy weather. It is sometimes lighted 
and ventilated by but a single door, but may have two or more doors and 
several windows. It is almost invariably black with soot on the inside, 
the cool weather of the mountains making a fire constantly necessary. 
In the rancherias along the Bontoc border and in some of those in 
Amburayan the houses are built on the ground, with low sides and very 
high peaked roofs, each roof containing a smaJl room, to which there is 
access by a ladder and in which rice and other commodities are stored. 
(Pl. XXXIV, fig. 2.) 
Rice-granaries and pig-pens are the only other structures ordinarily 
made by the Benguet-Lepanto Jgorots, unless, indeed, that name be 
applied to the ceremonial platforms usually found near their houses, on 
which are placed offerings to propitiate the spirits. 
The boards and timbers used for house construction are hewed from 
pine trees and are rarely carved or ornamented, although there are 
exceptions to this general rule. 
The streams of Benguet and Lepanto contain even fewer fish than 
those of Bontoc and Nueva Vizcaya. Nevertheless, with traps and with 
their bare hands the people manage to catch a few small fish (PI. L, 
fig. 2), and they sometimes spear eels of large size. 
Deer and wild hogs, which are fairly abundant, are hunted with dogs 
and killed with lances. The use of the bow and arrow is unknown 
among the people of this tribe. 
The agriculture of the Benguet-Lepanto Jgorots is not so well developed 
as is that of the Bontoc Igorots and the Ifugaos, although they some- 
times construct quite extensive, terraced rice-paddies. The walls of these 
terraces are almost invariably made of mud, but in the vicinity of Kaba- 
yan, in Benguet, one sees stone walls. Camotes are the staff of life, rice 
being more or less of a Juxury. Camotes are usually grown on the steep 
mountain sides, and after two or three crops have been raised the land 
is allowed to rest for some time before being planted again. Tomatoes, 
