848 
squashes, and taro are grown to a limited extent. Fine bananas are raised 
in abundance and good mangas are to be had in the warmer valleys. 
Considerable coffee is raised at Daklan and Kabayan, in Benguet. 
(Pl. XX XVIII, fig. 2.) 
The Benguet-Lepanto Igorots keep dogs for hunting purposes and 
for household pets and also bring in from the lowlands a large number 
of these animals which they eat. They raise chickens and pigs in 
considerable numbers, the latter being mostly reserved to be eaten on 
state occasions. Their pigs, which are well cared for and sometimes 
attain a large size, are of a type distinctly better than that of those kept 
by the civilized natives of the lowlands. Carabaos, cattle, and horses 
are raised in considerable numbers. The men are good horsemen and 
ride skillfully either with or without saddles. (Pl. LI, fig. 3.) They 
have very little consideration for their horses, and often run them up and 
down hill. Many of the women also ride. (Pl. LI, fig. 1.) Chickens, 
pigs, carabaos, cattle, or horses which die of disease are promptly eaten. 
The Benguet-Lepanto /gorots roll their own cigars and prepare from 
rice a fermented drink known as tapuy. Their manufactures of wood 
are limited to images or anitos (Pl. XLIX, figs. 1, a, b, c, and d), the rude 
Jadles and bowls or trays used in cooking and serving food (Pl. XLIX, 
fig. 2, c), carrying-boxes (Pl. XLIX, figs. 2, a and b), and carved walking- 
sticks, spoons and small, wooden dishes, which are produced in some 
quantity by the people living in the vicinity of Bugias. (Pl. XLVIII, 
figs. c, d, and e; Pl. XLIX, figs. 1 and 2.) The men have mined gold 
for centuries. They work over the faces of exposed cliffs, when necessary 
suspending themselves by means of rattans, and pick out the streaks of 
rich ore which show free gold. This they dig with their crude iron or 
steel implements, the use of powder being unknown among them. ‘The 
ore, after being dug, is crushed and panned. 
Both men and women also wash gold from the sands of the streams, 
and the women are especially famed for the skill with which they save 
the very light float gold—a skill which American miners have found it 
impossible to attain. The gold is usually sold in the form of dust, 
although it is sometimes melted and run into ingots. 
Many of the Jgorots of northern Benguet and southern Lepanto mine 
copper and smelt it by a process of their own. From the metal thus 
obtained they fashion ollas and kettles which frequently are of large size. 
The method employed in making kettles is kept secret by those familiar 
with it, and numerous attempts on the part of Americans to surprise 
coppersmiths at their work have proved abortive. At one time a consider- 
able business was done in the vicinity of Suyok in making rude counter- 
feits of Spanish copper coins. Clay molds were taken from genuine 
coins, and into these molds the copper was run. These counterfeits, 
although quite recognizable as such, circulated freely for some time 
because of the shortage of small change. 
