=. 7. fF 
885 
United States Geological Survey. The question of the proper classifica- 
tion of coals of this class has often been the subject of discussion,® but 
the new name, in a single word, gives the best idea and is therefore 
satisfactory. 
The moisture, as shown by our many determinations, varies from 5 
to 20 per cent in coals otherwise having common properties. From this 
it is self-evident that any Enaeation, attempted on the basis of water 
content would be entirely false, and in no way applicable to these upper 
beds. 
The fuel ratio and the content of volatile combustible, or of fixed car- 
bon which is a proportional ratio, are not wholly satisfactory as a basis of 
classification, but for practical purposes are of much assistance, as can 
be seen by an examination of the above tables. These classifications are 
the best which can be obtained from proximate analyses. Probably the 
best simple method for a scientific arrangement is by means of the 
calorific values as determined in the calorimeter, but as yet we have not 
sufficient data at hand for this purpose. 
Other systems based on the ultimate analysis of coal are important, 
but neither can any of these be considered thoroughly with reference to 
Philippine coals for the same reason. Proximate and ultimate analyses 
and calorific tests of a sample of Batan Island coal were made? at St. 
Louis, Missouri, during the operation of the Fuel Testing Plant of the 
United States Geological Survey. The analyses are as follows: 
— aectlle 
‘ Air-dried | Sample as 
Content. sample, | received, 
Moisture. _.-__ = 7.06 22, 21 
Pioximate Volatile combustible =<. =< ee 43, 94 36.77 
Bik! tee ee Bi GuiemraDOl 925k ee 43. 44 36, 36 
Ash 5, 56 4.65 
“eT D1 Spall Stella a AMR GRIT ht ny Slh de 1.36 1.14 
Hydrogen B 5. 55 6. 46 
UG TNO mete Soko br Me oi, See 62.91 52, 66 
Itimat Y 
Ultimate NE ULOM Olt es seer se ee tee eee eS 1,33 i bgt Ma 
Oxyren--=-~ 2s 23. 29 33. 98 
ASL Eee a a eee 5, 56 4.65 
DRL bern Meas ets SS te Se ee -| 6,101 5, 107 
British thermal] units ee ee 10, 983 9,193 
A comparison of the above proximate analysis with those of many 
samples made in this laboratory, and published in Table J of this report, 
demonstrates that the sample now under consideration is almost a perfect 
average of the published table, and it is believed to be a fair average of 
the upper beds of Batan Island coal. The carbon-hydrogen ratio, cal- 
Are © 
culated from the ultimate analysis, is 7 11.35. By adjusting this 
* Collier A. J.: U.S. G. 8. Bull. 218, (1903) 58 et seq.; Smith, W. D.: Loe. cit. 
* By Mr. F. M. Stanton. 
