897 
tion was effected in a Bunsen burner with a constant flow of air, regulated 
empirically by trial with Polillo gas, and a flow of gas regulated to deliver 
approximately 7 liters in five minutes. The apparatus used was an 
ordinary uninsulated copper bath protected from drafts and containing 
1 liter of water. The amount of heat lost by radiation was of course 
very large, but by conducting the experiment in each case for exactly 
five minutes and raising the water over the same range of temperature, 
viz, from 30° to about 50°, the results are thought to show the relative 
calorific value of the gases. The heat value of the water bath, as deter- 
mined, is 160 calories for each increase of 1° in temperature. It was 
also calculated ** from the weight and specific heat of the materials of 
which it is constructed and a very concordant result obtained. 
Taste VILI.—Comparative heat value of the gases obtained. 
Volume | Increase Heatine Heat ab- 
ofgas | intem- | Heat im- parted Total sorbed Calcu- Heat 
Reece) ree (RRS) PEG |eDtheap | nenray~ aot cant| ated || lant by 
a ie t 760 ai water in| Paratus /sorbedin ~ ahi 3 ara ne f eee L 
= P: cP t= in Cal- | calorieasitee sd eee |. to Cal 
mm. pres-| in de- | calories.| “Gig incal- | the gas. | ories. 
sure. grees C, : ories. 
Batan Island 
CORI Sees acbe fiat 15.0 15, 000 2,400 17, 400 2, 414 3,115 701 
Gebu coalz_-+-1- 7.30 17.5 17, 500 2, 800 20, 300 2,780 4, 082 1, 302 
Polillo coal____- 7, 28 24.0 24, 000 38, 840 27, 840 8, 824 5, 254 1, 480 
Negros coal_____ 6. 88 18.0 18, 000 2,880 20, 880 3, 037 4,490 1, 453 
Zamboanga ; 
GORI S52 se 6. 98 22.5 22, 500 3, 640 26, 100 3, 740 5, 185 1, 895 
Australian coal_ 5,78 21.0 21, 000 3, 360 24, 360 4,210 5, 583 1,373 
Laboratory oil_- 6. 85 30.5 30, 500 4, 880 35, 580 5, 570 7,705 2. ey 
It would have been better to have regulated the flow of air so that, in 
each case, the combustion of the gas would have been as nearly complete 
as possible. The gas generated from Batan Island coal contained a Jess 
amount of combustible matter than that derived from the other sources 
and, with the fixed supply of air, a more perfect combustion was ob- 
tained. On the other hand, the gas generated from oil for laboratory 
use contained a very large percentage of heavy hydrocarbons, and in this 
case the fixed supply of air was insufficient to effect total combustion. 
Discrepancies from both of these sources have been included in the last 
‘column representing the heat lost by radiation. Nevertheless, the third 
from the last column of the table represents fairly well the general 
relation which the calorific values of the gases bear to each other. ’ 
Perhaps the relations above determined can better be appreciated if 
placed together and expressed in a more comparative way, as follows: 
“ Ostwald-Luther: Physiko-Chemische Messungen (1902), 191. 
