1081 
Tasip II—Continued. 
DWARF BAMBOO (Bambusa lumanpao). 
Experiments. 
Conditions of digestion. es 
: iF II. FEI: IV. V. VI. 
Strength of liquor _______- per cent__ 10 10 7k 7k 3} 6} 
Amount of caustic soda calculated 
on the weight of the material | 2 
SRN ds |S | (ea de SO i per cent__ 223 20 174 15 223 123 
ime Of DOUING 2.5.55256. 5: hours__ 5 5 10 5 5 10 
Pressures employed___atmospheres__ 8 5-6 6-7 6-7 5-6 6-7 
Yield of pulp: 
Unbleached_--.-______ per cent__ 44.05 45.6 47, 22 49.1 46. 33 50. 4 
TABOO ree nk nace ec GGg2c8 41.4 42 .05| eo eee Th if a ee Fe 
Amount of bleaching powder con- 
Vl a per cent__ 9.9 13.37/52 seo ilk |S aa iia 
Loss of weight in bleaching___do____ 6.1 6 ;Sile eens ee St 
TN Cream. | Light. |......-.-< Oru pe hs ee ey 
; cream, white. 
The experiménts outlined above bring out the following considerations: 
First. Dwarf bamboo is superior to the structural variety both in yield 
of unbleached pulp and in consumption of bleaching agent. 
Second. Caustic soda in the proportion of 10 to 20 per cent, calculated 
on the gross weight of the canes, is sufficient to produce a well-digested 
pulp. 
Third. The duration of the digestions and the pressures and corre- 
sponding temperatures carried are considerably less than are employed in 
pulping the common, soft woods by this process, and compare very 
favorably with those used in practice for straw cellulose manufacture. 
Fourth. The structural bamboo requires excessive quantities of bleach 
(20 to 25 per cent) to produce at best a poor white, while the dwarf 
variety, on the other hand, is bleached a good white with the equivalent 
amount of powder consumed by annual and perennial straws, namely, 
10 to 20 per cent. 
PALM FIBERS. 
Several species of the other Palmew, including rattans, betel-nut 
palm (Areca catechu), nipa palm (Nipa fructicans), buri palm (Corpha 
umbraculifera), and coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), are found widely dis- 
tributed throughout the Archipelago and contribute to the local demands 
of the people for food and fiber. 
The bejucos or rattans, which occur so plentifully throughout forested 
regions, are used principally for the manufacture of furniture, and they 
are far too valuable to be otherwise primarily employed. The various 
pieces of furniture into which rattans so largely enter are constructed 
entirely of this material and dwarf bamboo, so that old or worn-out 
