24 The Philippine Journal of Science 1922 
Reduced water-cooling circulation.—Alcohol does not give out 
as much heat in burning as gasoline, but needs high cylinder 
temperatures for efficient working. 
Increased jet orifice of carburetor—An alcohol engine needs 
the jet orifice enlarged so as to increase the fuel supply about 
50 per cent. 
Carburetor floats——Hither a metal float or a cork float having 
a baked coating of boiled linseed oil should be used instead of 
a shellac-coated float, as shellac is soluble in alcohol. 
It is thus readily seen that alcohol cannot immediately replace 
gasoline. A fuel which can be used in the present type of 
engine is necessary to tide over the transition period during the 
change from gasoline to alcohol engines. Such a fuel is a 
mixture of alcohol with a more-volatile substance, such as 
benzol or ether. 
ALCOHOL MIXTURES 
Mixtures of alcohol with other substances have been in use 
for some time. The mixture most used in Europe is one of 
alcohol and benzol. The use of benzol makes the fuel dependent 
on a coal-tar industry, and such countries as South Africa, Aus- 
tralia, South America, the Philippines, etc., would have to im- 
port their benzol. Consequently there has been developed in 
South Africa and in Hawaii a mixture of alcohol and ether; 
since the ether is made from the alcohol, its manufacture is 
practically independent of any other industry. 
In South Africa a fuel named “Natalite,” or “Natilite,” has 
come into wide use due to the scarcity and the high cost of 
gasoline during the World War. It has been patented in all 
countries throughout the world. This mixture contains 55 per 
cent of rectified alcohol, 44.9 per cent of ether, and 0.1 per cent 
of ammonia. In 1918 over 255,000 gallons of Natalite were 
produced from molasses in South Africa. At the present time 
the largest factory is at Merebank, Natal, the capacity of which 
has been increased to 2,000,000 gallons per annum. 
~ In 1918, due to the scarcity of gasoline in Hawaii, there was 
developed by Mr. Foster, of the Maui Agricultural Co., a motor 
fuel very similar to Natalite which has been used very suc- 
cessfully in the place of gasoline. It consists of a mixture of 
55.55 per cent alcohol, 42.78 per cent ether, 1.11 per cent kero- 
sene, and 0.56 per cent pyridine; that is, 40 gallons of ether 
are added to 60 gallons of Formula No. 3 [to each 100 gallons 
ethyl alcohol add 5 gallons sulphuric ether, 2 gallons benzine 
(kerosene), and 1 gallon pyridine]. 
