540 The Philippine Journal of Science 1922 
terized by eosinophilic leucocytosis and a corresponding increase 
in eosinophilic myelocytes in the bone marrow. This eosino- 
philic leucocytosis is well demonstrated in the cases reported, 
except in the cases of typhoid fever, in which the lesions in- 
dicate that the infection of Schistosoma japonicum preceded 
that of typhoid, as demonstrated by the encapsulated eggs, 
and suggest that the typhoid anaphylatoxin (Friedberger, 14) 
exerts a negative chemotaxis, not only toward the neutrophiles, 
but also toward the eosinophilic leucocytes. 
HUMORAL REACTION 
The researches of Fairly(11) on the complement-deviation 
reaction in bilharziasis by using an alcoholic saline soluble ex- 
tract of the livers of infected snails of the species Planorbis 
boissyi, which is the intermediate host of Schistosoma hxema- 
tobium, showed that the higher the eosinophilia the greater 
_the amount of complement fixed, although some without eosino- 
philia also yielded positive reactions. He emphasized the fact 
that this serological phenomenon is of the nature of a group 
reaction, and does not enable one to differentiate the members 
of the species. In investigating the serological response in 
experimentally infected monkeys, he found that monkeys could 
be killed by hyperinfection before there was time for ova to be 
deposited in their tissues. The animals died either before there 
was time for an immunity response to develop or, if they sur- 
vived longer, the intensity of the toxemia often caused a 
complete depression of the mechanism of immunization. In all 
monkeys recovering spontaneously from the disease a remark- 
able cellulohumoral reaction was present. In every case there 
was positive complement deviation, and the bone marrow 
showed marked increase in eosinophilic myelocytes and also 
cellular proliferation and increase in the normoblastic tissue. 
CLINICAL SYMPTOMS 
In view of the fact that the number of cases reported in this 
paper seems to indicate that the infection is not altogether 
foreign to these Islands, a review of the clinical symptoms as 
described by other writers will be of some profit to our 
practitioners. 
Lanning(18) divides his cases into three stages: The initial 
stage, marked by high afternoon temperature lasting from 
three to six weeks, comparatively slow pulse rate, evanescent 
