19, 4 Reinking and Groff: Siamese Seedless Pummelo 427 
nitely which was the case in most instances; but the evidence 
obtained indicated that the trees produced fruits without seeds 
during certain seasons, and, at other seasons, fruits with many 
seeds. The quality of the fruits grown elsewhere was always 
much poorer. The Governor of Tachin, Phya Sakoen Kanabhi- 
rako, reported having sent one hundred marcots to various sec- 
tions of the country about Bangkok, and that the fruits grown 
from these were poor. The first crop from such trees was re- 
ported to be fairly good, but in succeeding years the fruits de- 
teriorated, becoming seedy and poor in quality. Direct evidence 
of such cases could not be thoroughly investigated; so, for the 
present, it is necessary to rely upon the evidence given by 
growers. Planters in Bang Sorn, a region above Bangkok, 
claimed that trees of the Nakorn Chaisri seedless pummelo taken 
from Ban Mai and planted in their section became very seedy 
and resembled in all respects a variety grown there called the 
Koon Non. 
Various causes are given for the superior quality of the Kao 
Pan when grown in the section about Ban Mai. The theory 
that seems to be most commonly accepted by the growers is 
that the salty character of the water used for irrigation produces 
the exceptional quality of the fruit. Other possible causes im- 
mediately present themselves. The ones of most importance 
are general culture, such as the selection of a proper orchard 
site and the practice of proper irrigation, cultivation, fertiliz- 
ation, and cleanliness. The relation of seedless fruit to pollina- 
tion, soil, meteorological conditions, curing, and storing may 
be factors. 
The orchards in Ban Mai are located in reclaimed nipa-swamp 
areas. The nipa palm, Nipa fruticans Wurmb, grows only 
under salt conditions and is especially common along tidal 
streams. The orchards are all irrigated with river water, as dis- 
cussed in full under culture. The growers allow the salty river 
water to flew into the ditches between the trees, even during 
the times that it is most salty, at each high tide, which is twice 
in every twenty-four hours. Intakes and outlets are supplied 
for the orchards; at low tide the water flows out and at high tide 
it runs in, as desired. During the extreme rainy season no river 
water is allowed to flow into the ditches. This is automatically 
regulated by the trapdoor intakes. The plantations are on land 
that at high tide is approximately 60 centimeters above the water 
and at low tide between 2 and 2.5 meters above. It can readily 
be seen that the trees are constantly, throughout the main part 
