498 The Philippine Journal of Science 1921 
Compression in inches. 
al 0.2 03 
55 Lo- 
50 = SP? 
45 : 7 lastig limi 
7 
40 = eae 
Wy 
J 35+— 
aa VY 
no] 
3 30 | iL a 
ae Ww 
any ea pra wed 
3 eg 
20 ; ohh af | load 
. Si kK . aae plete bea 
VV = 
10 
y V we a 
asi Be 
6 Redes. 
Fic. 8. Compression perpendicular to grain; stress area, 2 inches by 2 inches; lumbayan. 
HARDNESS 
Hardness is tested by measuring the load required to embed 
a 0.444-inch ball to one-half its diameter in the wood as shown 
in fig. 10. 
The hardness test is applied to end and side surfaces of the 
timber. End hardness is usually greater than side hardness. 
Phe quality is important in woods to be used for paving blocks, 
railroad ties, furniture, flooring, etc. 
