313 



radicans Hack., and Aristida stipoides R. Br., var. tenuisetulota Pilger 



arc also identical with Australian species or have affinities with Australian 

 types. 



Characteristic Malayan species are Coelorhackis biaurita Hack., Imchne 

 benechei Hack., Panicum auritum Presl, Oplismenus undulatifolius var. 

 imbecillis Hack., Pennisetum macrostachyum Trin., Leptaspis urceolata 

 If. Br., and Dinochloa scandens 0. Kunt/.e, these species being for most 

 part confined to the Malayan region, while no less than 100 other 

 species are common to the Philippines and Malaya, hut also extend to 

 other regions. 



Pollinis tenuis Trin., and Ischaemum intermedium are known only 

 from the Philippines and Polynesia, but many other characteristic species 

 extend from other places through the Philippines to that region. 



Twenty-six species extend from Africa to southern Asia and Malaya 

 and the Philippines, 8 of which reach Polynesia and 10 Australia. Forty 

 species art' encountered from southern Asia and Malaya, (i of them being 

 found also in Polynesia and 1!> in Australia. 



On the whole, the Philippine Oraminecs are strongly Malayan or Indo- 

 Malayan, with a decided northern element in the highlands of northern 

 Luzon, and a rather characteristic Australian one, which, strangely, is 

 from the same northern region of the Archipelago, rather than from 

 the southern islands, although when more extensive collections have 

 been made in the interior of Mindanao, doubtless most of these Australian 

 types, which at present are known in the Philippines only from northern 

 Luzon, will be found in Mindanao. 



I acknowledge, with great pleasure, the valuable assistance of Dr. E. 

 Ilackel, of (Jraz, Austria, in the preparation of this paper, as he has 

 verified very many of my own identifications, corrected others, compared 

 my material with type or authentic specimens, identified many species, 

 and supplied me with copious notes on synonomy. Without this as- 

 sistance it would have been impossible for me to have issued this paper 

 in its present form, nor would the finished work nave been nearly as 

 authentic. 



GRAMINEyR 



CIIAKAOTEKS OF THE ORDER. 



Erect, decumbent or creeping herbs, annual or perennial, or in the 

 tribe Bambusov erect,or scandent shrubs or trees. Culms (stems) terete 

 or compressed, jointed ; internodes usually hollow, sometimes solid. 

 Leaves simple, usually long and narrow, entire, parallel-veined, the 

 sheathing portion below distinct from the blade and split down one side, 

 bearing at the juncture of the blade with the sheath a membranous or 

 cartilaginous appendage (ligule), the ligule rarely wanting, sometimes 

 reduced to a row of hairs. Inflorescence spicate, recemose, capitate or 



