PHILIPPINE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, C. BoTANY. 
Vol. V, No. 5, November, 1910. 
A REVISION OF PHILIPPINE PIPERACEAE. 
By C. DE CANDOLLE. 
(Geneva, Switzerland.) 
When I undertook this revision, the total number of Piperaceae known 
to exist in the Philippines amounted to thirty species; it now reaches 
one hundred and twenty-five, of which twenty-two species are Peperomia, 
and one hundred and three are Piper. This large increase testifies 
to the great activity of the American botanists who are pursuing the 
scientific exploration of the Archipelago. 
For the opportunity to prepare the present paper I feel particularly 
indebted to Mr. Merrill, botanist, Bureau of Science, who has kindly 
put at my disposal the rich materials deposited in the Herbarium of 
that institution. Mr. A. D. E. Elmer has also greatly helped me by 
sending numerous specimens collected by himself, to which he has 
added instructive annotations. The novelties in Mr. Elmer’s collection 
have been fully described in his “Leaflets of Philippine Botany,” * and in 
the present paper they are merely mentioned in their proper places among 
the other Philippine Piperaceae, except in the case of nine species that 
were based partly on material collected by Mr. Elmer, and partly on 
material in the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science, where the descrip- 
tions are repeated. 
However large may appear the number of new species proposed in 
the following pages, it is probable that many more are still to be dis- 
covered in the Philippines. It is, moreover, highly desirable that male 
and female plants should be found to match with the too numerous 
species which are, as yet, known only by specimens of one or the other sex. 
While studying the abundant materials of the recent collections, I 
was much surprised at finding that such a remarkable type as Piper 
Rhyncholepsis, formerly described and figured by Miquel as a distinct 
genus (Rhyncholepsis Miq.), has not been met with again by any of 
the modern explorers. I have also looked in vain in their collections 
for Piper longum L., the presence of which in the Archipelago rests, 
so far, on a single specimen contained in my own herbarium, and 
probably obtained from that of Thibaud. 
* Philippine Piperaceae 1. c. 3 (1910)° 755-785 (Article 44). 
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