FERNS OF THE MALAY-ASIATIC REGION. 43 



wide, cut to the costa, secondary pinnules rarely contracted at base; 20 

 pairs of segments and secondary pinnules, 5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, 

 entire or crenulate; veinlets about 8 pairs, forked at the base; sori large, 

 covering the whole surface, indusium thin. 

 Luzon (Mounts Banajao and Maquiling). 



42. Cyathea fuliginosa (Christ) Copel. (Alsophila fuliginosa Christ in Bull. 

 Herb. Boiss. 6 (1898) 138. 0. loheri tonglonensis Christ in Philip. Journ. Sci. 

 Bot. 2 (1907) 180). 



Trunk 2 to 5 m high, stout; frond 1 m, more or less, long, about half 

 as wide, varying greatly in size according to exposure; pinnae sessile, the 

 lower normal ones reduced, and beside these several pairs 4 to 6 cm 

 long near the base of the "stipe;" "stipe" brownish-purple, verrucose, 

 clothed with fine furfuraceous squamules and with dense, harsh, shining, 

 dark-brownish-purple scales, 1.5 to 3 cm long, 1 mm wide at the base, 

 twisted above the middle; rachis brown, beneath verrucose and clothed 

 with a fine scurf and with crinite brown palese, above scurfy and bearing 

 lanceolate palae 1 cm or less long, which are sometimes a uniform brown, 

 sometimes pale-brown with a dark-brown border, sometimes almost white 

 with a brown border; rachises of pinna? more densely scaly, with (1) 

 minute, bullate scales, (2) larger, usually pale, broadly lanceolate ones, 

 and (3) at least near the base with still larger ones which are dark or 

 have dark borders; pinnules sessile, the largest on a plant varying in 

 length (with the size of the frond) from less than 5 cm' to 8 cm, 

 broadest at the base, acuminate, pinnate at least at the base ; costse hairy 

 above, with purplish or whitish hairs, clothed beneath with scales with 

 bullate bases but otherwise variable in form; segments falcate, usually 

 obtuse, varying from entire to crenate-lobed, dark-green above, pale 

 beneath, coriaceous, glabrous except on the costules beneath; veinlets 

 usually about 9 on a side in the largest segments, mostly forked; sori 

 subcostular, small, crowded, but leaving the apices of the segments free; 

 indusium questionable. 



The two plants, as recognized by Christ, which are united here, are distinguished 

 by such characters as among tree ferns in general are quite sufficient; but in this 

 case I am satisfied that they are forms of one very plastic species. 



Luzon (mountains of Benguet, alt. 1,400 to 2,000 m). 



43. Cyathea inquinans Christ. 



Frond deltoid, very coriaceous, rust-colored; axes unarmed, bearing 

 rust-brown scales of two kinds : — minute, furfuraceous, stellate ones, 

 which extend to the costules, and linear-lanceolate ones 15 mm long, 

 which, reduced in size, extend to the bases of the pinnules ; pinnules 6 cm 

 long, cut to the costa, segments serrate; veinlets forked at the base; sori 

 large, rust-red; indusium yellowish, lax, transient. Alpine in aspect. 



Celebes ( Lompo-Battang, alt. 2,000 m and upward). 



