48 COPELAND. 



beneath; pinna: 45 em long; pinnules rather remote, 8 to 10 cm Long, 

 acuminate, cut nearly or quite to the eosta; segments oblong, obtuse, entire 

 or crenulate or slightly lobed; veinlets forked; sori eostular, indusium 

 cup-shaped with irregular margin. 



Ceylon (center of the island, at the higher altitudes). 



GO. Cyathea modesta (Baker) Copel. (Alsophila modesta Baker in Jonrn. 

 Bot. 18 (1880) 210). 



Stipe less than 30 cm long, hearing dark-brown, linear scales 12 mm 

 long; frond 75 to 90 cm long, tripinnate, moderately firm, green and 

 nearly glabrous on both surfaces, except for a few lanceolate scales on 

 the costas beneath; rachises pubescent but without prickles or scales; 

 pinna oblong-lanceolate, the middle ones the largest, 22 to 30 cm long, 

 5 to 7.5 cm broad, short-stalked, the lowest reduced and longer-stalked; 

 pinnules lanceolate, sessile, 9 to 12 mm broad, cut in the lower part to 

 the costa, above to a narrow wing, into close, ligulate., entire, obtuse 

 segments less than 2 mm broad; veinlets G to 9 on a side, simple or 

 forked; sori eostular, not reaching the margin, indusium wanting. 



Sumatra (Mount Singalan, alt. 1,800 m). 



61. Cyathea melanopus (Hasskarl) Copel. (Alsophila melanopus Hassk. in 

 Hook. Journ. Bot. 7 (1855) 325). 



Trunk 2 to 5 m high, its apex and the bases of the stipes bearing large, 

 copious but deciduous, dark-colored paleae; stipes strongly aculeate at 

 the base, above, like the rachis, slightly rough ; frond tripinnatifid, ovate- 

 oblong, acute, membranaceous, slightly glaucous beneath, rachis sub- 

 glabrous; pinna; elongate-oblong and acute or oblong-lanceolate and 

 acuminate; pinnules linear-oblong, acuminate, deeply pinnatifid; seg- 

 ments linear-oblong, obtuse or subacute, subfalcate, obscurely crenate- 

 serrate; sori eostular in the forks of the veinlets, covering one-half to 

 three-fourths of each segment, finally confluent. 



Java (Gedeh, alt. 1,200 to 2,400 m). 



62. Cyathea wallacei (Mett.) Copel. (Alsophila wallacei Mett. ex Kuhn in 

 Linnaea 36 (1869) 153). 



Frond ample, tripinnatifid, suhcoriaceous, green on both sides; rachises 

 stramineous, densely pubescent; pinna; oblong-lanceolate, 30 to 36 cm 

 long; pinnules stalked, ligulate, 4 to 5 cm long, 9 mm broad, cut to a 

 narrow wing; segments close, ligulate, obtuse, 2 mm broad, obscurely 

 toothed, densely pilose beneath and with a few bullate scales on the ribs; 

 veinlets 4 or 5 on a side, simple; sori eostular, indusia none. 



Borneo. 



63. Cyathea ferruginea Christ in Philip. Journ. Sci. Bot. 2 (1907) 181. 

 Trunk obsolete or up to 2.5 m high, 6 cm in diameter; stipe in 



acaulescent plants 150 cm long, with a few scales at the base, sparsely 

 spinulose, decidedly spiny in arborescent specimens, upward glabrescent, 



