50 COPELAND. 



rachis roughish and glabrescent beneath; frond 1.5 to 2 m long, barely 

 tripinnate; lowest pinnae reduced and deflexed, sometimes running down 

 almost to the trunk, the middle ones the largest, 50 cm long, 12 to 14 cm 

 wide, acuminate, horizontal, subsessile, their rachises very felty above, 

 beneath scurfy with minute, pale, bullate, rather deciduous squamules; 

 pinnules subsessile, lanceolate, acuminate, 7 cm long, cut mostly to a 

 narrow wing, but at the base to the costa, the secondary pinnules adnate, 

 costag clothed above with dark hairs, beneath with partly deciduous, 

 minute, pale, bullate squamules, which extend to the costules; segments 

 more or less remote but never very close, linear-oblong, subfalcate, 

 denticulate, mostly obtuse, the lamina subcoriaceous, glabrous, dark- 

 green above, paler beneath ; veinlets 7 to 9 on a side, mostly forked ; sori 

 costular, crowded; indusium breaking at first into large pieces, finally 

 breaking down to a saucer-shaped remnant. 

 Mindanao, alt. 1,000 to 1,800 m. 



67. Cyathea alderwereltii Copel. nomen novum (Eemitelia sumatrana v.A.v.R. 

 in Bull. Dept. Agr. Ind. Neerl. 18 (1908) 2, not C. sumatrana Baker). 



Frond subtripinnate, chartaceous; rachis muricate with short, acute 

 warts black at the apex ; pinnae 55 cm more or less long, stalked ; pinnules 

 8 to 12 cm long, about 2 cm wide, linear-oblong sbort-acuminate, cut 

 at the base to the costa; costae hairy above, beneath densely scaly, as 

 are the costules, scales f errugineous ; segments linear-oblong, subacute, 

 crenate-dentate ; veinlets once or twice forked ; sori 1 to 1 on a side, sub- 

 costular, indusium brown, incomplete. 



Sumatra. 



68. Cyathea callosa Christ (Alsophila extensa J. Sm. in Hook. Journ. Bot. 

 3 (1841) 419, non Desv. nee Blume). 



Trunk 1 m high, 8 cm in diameter; stipe stout, dark purple, densely 

 spiny, furfuraceous like the lower part of the rachis, and bearing harsh, 

 shining, dark, narrow palcae 15 to 20 cm long, the stipe very short 

 because of numerous very reduced pinnae running down almost to the 

 trunk; rachis glabrescent upward, brown, the spines becoming small and 

 sparse but not quite disappearing; pinnae up to 50 or 60 cm long, and 

 20 cm wide, short-stalked, with a small aerophore subtending the attach- 

 ment of each to the main rachis, rachises beneath like the main rachis, 

 above hairy, as are the slender costae; pinnules up to 11 cm long and 2.5 

 cm wide, acuminate or caudate, sessile or subsessile, cut at the base to 

 the costa, the free segments more or less adnate, costa typically with a 

 few small scales beneath, sometimes naked; segments crowded, falcate 

 or subfalcate, linear-oblong, obtuse, serrulate toward the apex, costules 

 usually with a few scales beneath, naked above, lamina glabrous, 

 coriaceous, dark above, pale beneath; veinlets about 11 on a side, forked; 

 sori strictly costular, 1 mm wide, indusium persistent. I have identified 

 this plant from an authentic specimen, rather than by description : it 



