418 



FOXWORTIIY. 



no wood which rots quickly is suitable for piling. The use of sheathed 

 or impregnated woods for piling is fairly common and will doubtless 

 become more so where permanency is desired. 



The different mangrove swamp trees are very satisfactory for tem- 

 porary piling and have been known to last as much as seven or eight 

 years exposed to teredo attack. Their best use, however, seems to be 

 as supports for foundations on swampy or low ground. There seems no 

 reason why they should not last for several hundred years in such places. 



Quite another class of piling is used in many places as a support for 

 foundations. The piles are driven down to at least 1£ meters below the 

 surface and are then capped with concrete and a concrete foundation 

 placed on top of them. They are thus protected from the air and are 

 beneath the level of insect work. For such a purpose it is only necessary 

 to select wood strong enough to bear the weight, and otherwise useless 

 woods may be used. 



Woods used for piling are : 



In the Philippines: 





Molave 



Vitex littondis. 



Aranga 



Homalium spp. 



Agoho 



Casuarina, cquisetifolia. 



Betis 



Illipe bctis. 



Dungon 



Tarrietia sylvalica. 



Dungon-late 



Hcritiera lit! oralis. 



Liusin 



Parinarium griffithianum . 



Manoono 



Xtnitlto.stcmon verdugonianus. 



Pagatpat 



Bonneratia pagatpat. 



Piagao 



Xylocarptis gratuiium. 



Tabao 



Lwmnitwra littorea. 



N aeal 



Shorea or II open spp. 



In Borneo : 





Beda.ni 



Urandra sp. 



Billian 



Eusideroxylon zwageri. 



Kapor 



Dryobalanops spp. 



Merbau 



Intsia bakeri. 



Nibong 



Oitcospcrma 8pp. 



Rassak 



Vulica sp. 



Selangan batu 



Shorea spp. 



Taruntum 



Lumnitxera littorea. 



In the Malay Peninsula : 



Bedaru 



t'raiirfnt sp. 



Billian wangi 



Palaquium obovatutn. 



Ballau 



Parinarium oblongifolium. 



Bintangor 



Oalopkyllwn spp. 



Olam 



Melaleuca leuoadendron. 



Kulini 



Scorodooarpus horneensis. 



Malabera 



Fagraea fastigiata. 



Merbau 



Intsia bakeri. 



Pena^ah 



Mesua fema. 



Tampinia 



Rloetia sidcroxydm. 



Tembusu 



Fagraea fragrant. 



