INDO-MALAYAN WOODS. 443 



Pinus. Wood usually very resinous and homogenous, consisting of 

 alternate layers of soft and often spongy spring vrood, and of hard, darker 

 colored autumn wood; heartwood distinct. Pith-rays fairly numerous, 

 rather irregular, fine to moderate broad. Vertical resin-ducts large and 

 numerous, visible on horizontal and vertical sections. 



Pinus insularis Endl. Plate XXII, fig. 1. Saleng. 



Philippines. 



A wood much resembling that of some of the yellow pines in the 

 United States; very resinous and of considerable local importance for 

 planks, house building, etc. 



Phil. Woods 354. 



Pinus excelsa Wall. Blue pine. 

 Himalaya. 



Light and moderately hard. Sapwood white: heartwood light-red. 

 Railroad ties, planks, etc. 



Gamb. 704; Nord. VII 1. 



Pinus longifolia Roxb. Long-leaved pine. 

 Himalaya. 



Light and moderately hard. Sapwood white; heartwood light-reddish- 

 brown. Wood inferior to the preceding. 

 Gamb. 707, tab. AVI, fig. 3; N6rd. VII. 

 Pinus fcaaaya Royle, P. gerardiana Wall., and P. merkusii Jungh. & de Vr. 



are also used to some extent. 



Cupressus torulosa Don. Himalayan cypress. 

 Himalaya. 



Moderately hard and moderately heavy. Sapwood white; heartwood 

 light-brown with darker streaks, very fragrant. Very durable. Used in 

 building and for wood carving. 



Gamb. 690, tab. XVI, fig. 1; Nord. X. 



ANGIOSPERMS. 

 MONOCOTY LEDO N B . 



The monocotyledons are not to be considered as of much importance 

 in the production of commercial woods^ but they do have some important 

 uses which must not be overlooked. 



PANDANACE^. 



In some places the trunks of the arborescent pandans are used for 

 rough or temporary work, and they furnish what is sometimes called 

 "porcupine wood/' They are probably of little, if any. more importance 

 than the trunks of tree ferns. 



