INDO-MALAYAN WOODS. 



558 



broad, not numerous. Scabbards, sword-hilts, gun-stocks, and used for 

 building and agricultural implements. 



Gamb. 503, tab. XI, fig. 8; Nurd. Ill; K. 4 V. 7:74-70. 



Ehretia laevis Etoxb. 

 Britisb India, Persia, China. 



Wood grayish or brownish-white, moderately bard, even-grained. Sea- 

 sonal rings indistinctly marked. Pores small, grouped in small clusters 

 or radial lines. Pith-rays fine, short, numerous. Tough and durable; 

 agricultural implements and building. 



Gamb. 503; Watt Diet. 3:203. 



Ehretia javanica Bl. (E. ivallichiaua Hook. f. & Th.) Kendal; Ki-bako. 



British India, Burma and Java. 



Wood yellowish-white, moderately bard, rough. Seasonal rings marked 

 by light-colored belts. Pores small and moderate-sized, in scattered 

 groups and short radial lines. Pith-rays short, numerous, uniform. 

 Building, charcoal, tea-boxes. 



Gamb. 504; Nord. X; K. & V. 7:76-78; Van Eed. 182. 



VERBENACEJ3. 



Wood usually of good quality, not liable to warp or split, of various 

 colors. Pores usually moderate-sized, scanty, those in the earlier formed 

 wood larger and marking the seasonal rings. Pith-rays generally line 

 and moderately broad, regular. The wood of Avicmma is quite anom- 

 alous. 



Avicennia officinalis L. Plate XXX, tig. 101. Api-api (M.). 

 Mangrove swamps, tropical East Africa to Australia. 



Wood brown or gray, hard and heavy, in alternate layers of pore- 

 bearing tissue and loose large-celled tissue without pores; the former 

 layer shows the large, moderate-sized or small pores in radial strings 

 of 1 to 5 between the fine short pith-rays; the latter is much narrower 

 and darker, forming belts which occasionally join each other, so that 

 the layers are clearly not seasonal growths. Wood very brittle. Fire- 

 wood, nulls for husking paddy, rice-pounders, and oil-mills. 



Gamb. 546, tab. XI, fig. 6; NOrd. [II J Watt Diet. 1:360; K. & V. 7:217-221; 

 Van Eed. 187; Ridl. 219. 



Callicarpa. Wood white or brownish-white, even-grained. Pores 

 small to large, usually in radial lines. Pith-rays moderately broad to 

 broad. Usually small shrubs. 



Callicarpa arborea Roxb. Ambon (M.). 



British India and Burma, Malay Peninsula. 



Wood light-hrownish-white, moderately hard, even-grained. Seasonal 

 rings marked by a line of harder wood. Pores rather scanty, small to 

 large, oval and often elongated, subdivided into numerous compartments, 

 often' in radial lines. Pith-rays broad, with numerous line rays between 



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