358 Philippine Journal of Science 1919 



chemical properties of these extracts has been made as shown 

 in the following pages. 



THE VOLATILE CONSTITUENTS OF CYPRESS PINE 



[The following is based mainly on the work by Kinzo Kafuku, former expert chemist of the 

 Government Institute of Science, Formosa.] 



A block of cypress pine weighing 36 kilograms is sliced into 

 thin pieces and placed in a large extractor. After extracting 

 for three days continuously, using 90 per cent alcohol, the 

 alcohol is distilled off, and by means of steam distillation the 

 light and the heavy oils are separated from the resinous sub- 

 stances. Upon cooling delicate needle-shaped crystals appear 

 in the heavy oil. Because of their viscous nature, it is very 

 hard to separate the oils from the water by filtration. There- 

 fore, a proper quantity of ether is added in order to transfer the 

 oils to that layer. After separating the layer of ether with a 

 separatory funnel, ether is eliminated by distillation. Then that 

 which remains is heated under low pressure (30 millimeters), 

 and the ether and water are completely driven off. Thus, 375 

 grams of the sample (1.04 per cent per kilogram of wood) are 

 obtained. Alcohol, instead of benzene, is used as a solvent be- 

 cause it is more economical and has the same power of extraction 

 in this case. 



Crude oil. — The crude oil extracted from cypress pine is a 

 viscous substance having a greenish brown tinge and a slight 

 acid reaction; it evaporates at 280° C. under ordinary pressure. 



Table XVI. — Properties of the crude oil from cypress pine. 



Specific gravity (at 17° 



C) 









1.002 



Refractive index (at 20° C.) 









1.5084 



Optical rotatory power 



( [a]D 



in 20 



per 



cent ethyl 





alcohol) (degrees) 











+ 18 



Acid value 











18.13 



Ester value 











51.50 



Ester value after acetylation 









196.1 



These ester values indicate the presence of about 90 per cent 

 of alcohol (C ]r ,H 2f) 0). 



The result of the elemental analysis is as follows: 



0.1863 gram crude oil gave 0.5473 gram C0 2 and 0.1849 gram H 2 0. 



Required for „ , 



C 15 H., s O. Found. 



Per cent. Per cent - 

 C 81.08 80.12 



H 11.71 11.11 



Besides this, the existence of the ester (15 per cent) and of 

 phenol (10 per cent) is also proved. But as the percentages 



