40 VALERIANE (Sond.) [ Valerianella. 
Herbaceous, rarely half-shrubby plants, with opposite, often cut or pinnatisect, 
exstipulate leaves. Flowers in cymes or fascicles, or solitary in the forks of the 
branches, small, A small Order, chiefly from the temperate zones of both hemi- 
spheres ; abundant in the Andean region of South America. 
TABLE OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN GENERA. 
I. Valerianella,—Calyx small, unequally toothed, crowning the fruit. 
TI. Valeriana.—Calyx a thickened margin, crowning the ovary, at length unfold- 
ing into a feathery pappus. 
I. VALERIANELLA, Poll. 
Limb of calyx toothed. Corolla regular, 5-lobed. Stamens 3. Stigma 
almost undivided, or trifid. Frwit 3-celled, rather membranous, gene- 
rally 2 of the cells fertile. Pollich palat. 1, 29. Endl. gen. 2181. 
Annuals, Stems dichotomous at the top. Leaves oblong or linear, undivided or 
toothed, or the upper ones pinnatifid. Flowers solitary in the forks, or in fascicles 
or corymbs, bracteate, small, white, rarely rose-coloured.—Name, a diminution of 
Valeriana. * 
1, V. eriocarpa (Desv. Journ. Bot. 2, p. 314, t. 11, f. 2)’; fruit ovate, 
obsoletely ribbed, convex at back, and flattish in front ; limb of calyx 
as broad as the fruit, campanulate, obliquely truncate, reticulate-veined, 
minutely 6-8-toothed ; flowers densely corymbose. Koch, Syn. ed. 2, 372. 
Reichb, won. fl. germ. 1406, t. 713. Fedia campanulata, Presl, sic. 11, 
Has. Near Grootvadersbosch, Oct. Zeyh. 2726. (Herb. Sd.) 
4 inches to 1 foot high, downy; branches spreading. Leaves spathulate, entire. 
Corymbs nearly capitate. Flowers very small. Limb of calyx erect. Fruit hispid, 
or glabrous at the base. The 2 abortive cells in the front of the fruit form 2 project- 
ing lines or ribs; the perfect cell is terminated by the broad, acute tooth. 
II, VALERIANA, Linn. : 
Limb of calyx involute at the time of flowering, but at length un- 
folding into a deciduous pappus, composed of many plumose bristles. 
Corolla monopetalous, 5-cleft, gibbous at the base. Stamens 3. Fruit 
1-celled and 1-seeded at maturity. JL. gen. 44. DC. prod. 4, p. 632. 
Endl. gen. 2186. 
Herbs or sub-shrubs, Leaves variable even in the same plant. Flowers corym- 
bose, capitate or panicled, white, rarely blue, rose-coloured or yellow.—Name from 
valere, to be powerful, on account of the medical virtues of V. officinalis, 
_ 1. V.Capensis (Thunb. Fl. Cap. p. 33); stem erect, striated; leaves 
imparipinnate; leaflets opposite or alternate, ovate, acute, toothed, the 
terminal one largest ; corymb panicled ; flowers triandrous. E. Z. 2330. 
Has. In kloofs and moist valleys ; distr. of Cape, itenhage 
and in Caffraria. Dec—Feb. (Herb. D, Sd) are ey 
Habit of Vz officinalis. Stem 2-3 feet high, glabrous or hairy on the joints. 
Leaves with 4-8 pairs of glabrous or pilose leaflets, the odd one ovate or acuminate, 
1 inch or more long, the lateral ones gradually smaller. Lower leaves on long foot- 
stalks, upper ones sessile and with narrower leaflets. Panicle, flowers, and fruit as 
in V, officinalis, 
