Cephalaria. | DIPSACEEH (Sond.) 41 
Orper LXXV. DIPSACEA, Vaill. 
(By W. Sonver). 
Flowers perfect, crowded in heads, on a common receptacle, surrounded 
by a general involucre ; each flower also seated in a calyx-like, dry, 
persistent involucel. Calyx-tube adnate; limb cup-like, subentire or 
split into several naked or feathery bristles, often enlarged after flower- 
ing. Corolia epigynous, tubular; limb oblique, somewhat 2-lipped, 
4-5-lobed, imbricate in bud. Stamens 4, inserted in the tube, alternate 
with the lobes of the corolla, two mostly longer ; filaments exserted ; 
anthers 2-celled, introrse. Ovary inferior, 1-celled ; ovule solitary, 
pendulous; style filiform; stigma simple. rwéta dry utricle, crowned 
by the enlarged, persistent calyx-limb, and enclosed in the cup-like 
involucel. Seed pendulous. Hmbryo straight, in the axis of fleshy 
albumen. 
Herbs or rarely suffrutices, with opposite or whorled, simple, often pinnatisect or 
lyrate, exstipulate leaves. Pubescence mostly copious, rough or silky. A small 
Order, chiefly from the warmer parts of the temperate zones; abundant in the 
Mediterranean region. The type of the Order is Dipsacus, the ‘‘ Teasle,” whose old 
and prickly flower-heads are used in carding wool. 
TABLE OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN GENERA. i 
I. Cephalaria.—Jnv. scales imbricate in several rows, shorter than the pale. 
Calyx-limb cup-like or discoid. 
IT. Scabiosa.—Znv. scales sub-biseriate. Calyz-limb crowned with 5 bristles. 747 
: I. CEPHALARIA, Schrad. 
Involucre of many imbricated leaves, shorter than the pale. Invo- 
lucel 4-angled, 8-furrowed, terminated by a 4-8-toothed crown. Limb 
of calyx rather cup-shaped or discoid. Corolla 4-cleft. Stamens 4. 
Fruit tetragonal, crowned by the limb of calyx and the involucel. 
Schrad. Catal. Sem. Hort. Goett. 1814. Scabiosee, spec. Linn, et others. 
Endl. Gen. n. 2192. ; : 
Perennial herbs. Leaves toothed or pinnatifid, rarely entire. Heads of flowers 
terminal, globose ; palee imbricated, outer ones sterile. Corollas white, cream- 
si or lilac. Name from kepady, a head, the flowers are disposed in round 
Lys. linear, quite entire ... 2... 0 .0. 1. ses see eee eee (1) Lavandulacen. 
Lys. oval-oblong, serrated ... ... eet nes wee wee ee (2) Tigi. 
Lys, elongate-lanceolate, 3-fid or pinnate; lobes quite entire (3) attenuata, 
Lvs. lyrately-pinnatifid or inciso-serrate; lobes toothed ; stem 
Rob ADE os ka a a, ee 
Lys. pinnatifid or bipinnatifid ; lobes linear, incised; stem "28 
1. C. lavandulacea (Sond.); glabrous ; stem terete ; leaves linear ; 
I-nerved, quite entire, with revolute margins ; peduncle elongate ; 
heads subglobose ; scales of inyolucre ovate, obtuse, ciliate; palee 
acute ; flowers pubescent, 4-fid. 
Has. Houhoeksbergen, Stellenbosch., 1000-3000 ft. July. E ¢Z. (Herb. Sd.) 
Plant 1 foot or more high, erect or ascending. Leaves sessile, approximate, 
