48 COMPOSIT (Harv.) [Litogyne. 
inch wide, tapering to both extremities. Corymb densely much branched ; flower- 
heads 2 lines across. Fl. purple, fading to white. A common weed in the tropics 
of Asia and Africa. The leaves vary somewhat in breadth and serratures, whence 
the 4 sp. of the authors above quoted. 
If. LITOGYNE, Harv. (n. gen.) 
Heads hetero-moncecious, many-fl., discoid; the male fl. central, fun- 
nel-shaped, 5-toothed ; female fl. shorter, filiform, 3-toothed, in many 
rows round the margin. Jnvol. imbricated, the scales acute. ecept. 
naked, depressed. Pappus none. Mate: anthers linear, partly ex- 
serted, acute at base. Style simple, emarginate, much exserted, the 
exserted portion hispid all round. Ov. abortive. Frm.: Anth, none. 
Style exserted, deeply bifid, the arms glabrous, blunt, spreading. Ovary 
glabrous, minute, ovule-bearing. Achenes unknown. 
8. African, much branched suffrutices, with entire or denticulate, alternate leaves, 
decurrent in narrow wings along the stem. Heads small, corymbulose or tufted at 
the ends of the branches. Fl. pale ?—Name from Autos, thin or mean, and ‘yuv7, ® 
female ; from the very slender, thread-like, female flowers. 
1. L. glabra (Harv. Thes. t. 155); glabrous, smooth. Ethulia? Ga- 
riepina, DC.! prodr. 5, p. 13+ 
Has. On the Gariep, Drege / Namaqualand, A. Wyley! (Herb. D., Sd., Hk.) 
Erect, perhaps 2~3 feet high, paniculately branched, sparsely leafy ; stems angu- 
lar, minutely rough in the furrows. Lvs. 1-14 inch long, 1-2} lines wide, broadly 
linear, sub-acute, smooth, entire or denticulate, decurrent in narrow wings along 
’ the stem. Heads 3-6 together, on short pedicels, or subsessile. Invol. scales ob- 
long-acuminate, smooth. 
2. L. scabra (Harv.) ; very scabrous. LEthulia alata, Sond. in Linn. 
Xxlii, 60. 
Has. Bloomspruit, Fals river and Aapjes R., Burke & Zeyh./ (Hb. Sd., Hk.) 
Stem ascending, 1—2 ft. long, much branched, the branches erect and closely leafy, 
either rough throughout or smoothish below. Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, acute 
or subacute, entire or remotely denticulate, decurrent in narrow wings along the 
stem very rough with raised points on both sides. Heads tufted, 3-6 together, 
subsessile. Invol. scales ovate-acuminate, rough at back.—Chiefly distinguished 
from the preceding by its very scabrous surface. 
Ill. VERNONIA, Schreb. 
Heads few- or many-fl., homogamous. Jnvol. imbricated, shorter than 
the flowers; scales obtuse or acute, the inner longer. Recept. naked or 
honeycombed. Cor. deeply 5-fid, the lobes lanceolate. Filaments smooth. 
Anth. sagittate. Achenes linear or prismatic, glabrous, pubescent or silky- 
villous, striate or rib-furrowed. Pappus biseriate, the inner of many 
long, serrated bristles, the owter of very narrow, short scales ; rarely 
both series nearly alike, subequal; or the outer series of few bristles. 
DC. Prodr. 5, p. 15. Decaneuron, DC. 1. c. p. 66. Webbia, DC. l. c. p- 7? 
Vernonella, Sond. in Linn. 23, p. 62. 
A vas ical, and sub-tropical genus, common to both hemispheres, and con- 
isti cries, climbers, iat, al evel trees of various aspect. OAL alternate, 
petiolate or sessile, often gland-dotted. Inj. various, either corymbose, spiked, oT 
with solitary heads. Fl. purple-rosy or white. Decaneuron, DC., to which is attr 
buted a single pappus, has in several of its acknowledged species a distinctly double 
