Hoplophyllum.] COMPOSIT (Harv.) 53 
and somewhat corymbose. Leaves 1-1} inch long, not a line wide, very blunt, 
exactly linear. Peduncles 1-14 inch long, mostly from the axils of upper leaves, 
naked. Heads, like those of a Stehelina or Serratula, 5 lines long, 2 lines across, 
about to-flowered. Pappus biseriate, the outer very short, the inner 5-6 times as 
long, with rough, dentato-plumose bristles. Recept. honeycombed. A very remark- 
able species, 
13, V. Vernonella (Harv.); herbaceous, branched from the base ; 
branches simple, furrow-striate, glabrous, leafy; leaves sessile, spathu- 
late-linear, obtuse, narrowed to the base, with recurved edges, glabrous ; 
heads solitary, terminal, pedunculate, many-flowered; invol. scales 
broadly-oblong, mucronate, with scarious, wavy, lacerate edges, glabrous ; 
achenes densely-silky. Vernonella Africana, Sond. in Linn. 23, p. 62. 
Has. Port Natal, Queinzius, 334! (Herb. Sond.) 
A glabrous, many-stemmed perennial, 6-8 inches high. Branches or stems erect, 
simple, leafy beyond the middle. Leaves 1-2 inches long, 2 lines wide, slightly 
narrowed to the base, conspicuously 1-nerved. Heads $ inch across. Invol. scales 
thin, membranous, purplish, ragged at the edges, loosely imbricated. Fl. purple. 
Pappus discoloured. 
14. V. Gerrardi (Harv. Thes. t. 157) ; herbaceous, branched below ; 
branches simple, furrow-striate, dotted, glaucous, leafy ; leaves sessile, 
hnear, acute, 1-nerved, dotted, flat, glabrous ; heads solitary, terminal, 
pedunculate, many-fl.; inv. scales lanceolate, cuspidate-acuminate, with 
very long, squarrose points, cobwebbed, woolly-ciliate ; achenes ribbed, 
densely silky. 
Has. Bigarsberg, Zululand, W. 7. Gerrard, 1060. (Herb. D.) 
A foot or more high, rigid, nearly glabrous and glaucous, conspicuously gland- 
dotted. Leaves 1-1} inch long, 1 line wide, thickish. Heads } inch across. Inv. 
scales rigid, with long, squarrose points, like those of an Athrivia. A very distinct 
and remarkable species, allied to V. Vernonelia and V. monocephala. 
15. V. monocephala (Harv.) ; herbaceous, branched from the base ; 
. branches sub-simple, striate, roughly hairy or pubescent, leafy; leaves 
sessile, oblongo-lanceolate or lanceolate, mucronate, dotted, glabrous (or 
sparsely setose), ciliate on the margin and mid-rib beneath; heads soli- 
tary, terminal, pedunculate or sessile, many-flowered ; invol. scales 
linear-lanceolate, much acuminate, subpungent, scabrous and setose ; 
achenes quite glabrous, to-ribbed, and furrowed, 
oie s. oe berg, Burke &: Zeyher / 801; Zululand, Gerr. § di’K. 1011. (Herb. 
ae Fae 
Roughly hay, perennial, 1-4 ft, high, either erect and much branched, or ascend- 
ing from a decumbent base, branched from the crown or the lower part of stem. 
Branches pale, variably hairy, sometimes leafy to the summit, sometimes ending in 
a naked peduncle, 4-6 inches long, each branch usually bearing a fl.-head. Heads 
3-1 inch across, with very many flowers. Pappus dirty-white, the outer of a few 
short lin.-lanceolate bristles. Corolla externally scabrous, especially on the reflexed, 
linear-lanceolate lobes.—This has the achenium of a Decaneurum, DC., and the 
habit of V. simplex, Less. | | 
IV, HOPLOPHYLLUM, DC. 
Heads few- (5~6) flowered, homogamous. Jnvol. ovate-oblong, closely 
imbricate, its scales broad, obtuse, spinous-mucronate, scarious or horny. 
Recept. narrow, fimbrilliferous. Cor. glabrous, tubular, deeply and 
