-134 COMPOSITA (Harv.) [| dera. 
the disc, the outer scales green, the inner submembranous, folded. Re- 
cept. convex, covered with membranous pales, enwrapping the flowers. 
Style branches of disc-fl. truncate and pencilled. Anthers nigrescent. 
Achenes of disc compressed, beakless, often ciliate at the sides or naked, 
of the ray 3-cornered or subcompressed, Pap.none. DC. Prodr. 5, p.629. 
Annual or perennial herbs, mostly tropical. Leaves opposite, petioled, subentire. 
Peduncles 1-headed, terminal or from the forks of the branches. Cor. mostly yel- 
low ; heads ovate or conical. Name, omaAos, a spot, and av@os, a flower. 
1. §. Africana (DC. 1 c. 623); stem rooting at base, ascending, 
sparingly pubescent ; leaves opposite, petiolate, ovate or ovato-lanceo- 
late, coarsely toothed, minutely scabro-ciliolate at the margin, glabrous 
or sparsely setulose ; pedunc. 2-3 times as long as the leaves; heads 
conical-ovate ; rays not much longer than the involucre ; invol. scales 
oblong, obtuse; achenes glabrous, without cilia or awn. 
Has. Natal, Drege! Gerr. § MK. 342, 816, Krauss, 303, &c. (Hb. Hk., D., Sd.) 
ingly perennial. Stems 1-2 feet long, numerous, not much branched. Lvs. 
1-14 inches long, 7-1 inch wide, unequally toothed. Pedunc. 2-4 inches long. 
Heads conical.—Is this different from S. cawlirhiza? The species seem to require 
revision and much condensation. 
Sub-Tribe 2, Hetentex, (Gen. 45-49.) 
XLV. CADISCUS, E. Mey. 
Heads many-fl., radiate; ray-fl. broadly ligulate, female, in one row ; 
disc-fl. campanulate, 5-toothed, fertile or the inner sterile. Inv, scales 
8—ro, in a single row, concrete into an 8—10-toothed, cup-like involucre. 
Recept. honeycombed, convex. Anthers not tailed, with a large, apical 
scale, Style-branches truncate, penicillate at the apex. Fertile achenes 
terete, ribbed and furrowed, slightly rostrate, villous at base, pubes- 
cent; sterile linear, smooth. Pappus of the fertile fl. of 10-12 rigid, 
subulate-acuminate, persistent scales; of the sterile, of more slender © 
bristles. DC. Prodr. 7, p. 254. 
A glabrous, aquatic herb. Stems long, weak, vaguely and distantly branched, 
floating, or rooting in the mud, at the nodes. Leaves alternate, stem-clasping, 
distant, linear tongue-shaped, entire, subacute, not obviously nerved. Peduncles 
opposite the leaves, short, 1-headed. FI, white or yellowish. Name unexplained. 
1. C. aquaticus (E. Mey.! in Hb. Drege); DC. Prodr. v.7, p. 255+ 
Has. Near Dassenberg, and between Groenekloof and Saldanha Bay, Drege! Zey! 
1044. (Herb. D., Hk., Sd. 
Stems 1-2 feet long, 2 lines diameter, succulent. Leaves 2-3 inches long, 2-4 
lines wide. Pedune. { inch long, cernuous, in fruit pendulous. Achenes nearly 4 
lines long ; pappus 1 line, . 
XLVI. E@DERA, Linn. 
Heads crowded within a bracteated cluster, cylindrical, few-fl., radi- 
ate; ray-fl. few, female, elongate toward the circumference of the clus- 
ter, short toward the centre; disc-f. tubular, 5-toothed, hermaphrodite. 
Inv. scales appressed, scarious, in few rows. Recept. paleaceous. Anther's 
tipped with a truncate appendage, without tails. Branches of the sty/e 
truncate. Achenes Pf angular-cylindrical, glabrous. Pappus of 
