162 composit& (Harv.) [Chrysanthemum. 
Peduncles very short : 
Leaves mostly shortly trifid at the apex, semiuncial (4) carnosulum. 
Leaves quite simple, uncial (very rarely 3-lobed) ... (4) carnosulum B. 
Perennial, sub-simple. Rays white. Lvs. lanceolate, sharply 
MN as ke ee ig SER nae a Eg) Oa 
1, C. segetum (Linn. Sp. 1254); annual, glabrous, branching; leaves 
amplexicaul, oblong, some sharply and coarsely toothed, others lacini- 
ate ; pedunc. terminal, one-headed ; inv.-scales with very wide, mem- 
branous edges ; achenes without pappus. DO. 1. c.64. H. Bot. t. 540. 
Has. A corn-weed, introduced from Europe. It has already penetrated ‘the 
bush,’ 50 miles beyond the Kei, H. Bowker! 335. (Herb. D.) 
Flower-heads large, handsome, bright golden yellow. One of the plants called 
* Gowan” in Scotland. 
2. C. nodosum (DC. 1. c. 65); shrubby, quite glabrous ; leaves from 
callous,swollen bases, linear-filiform, slender, either quite entire or beyond 
the middle trifid or pinnately 5-lobed, the lobes elongate, acute ; pedunc. 
terminal or axillary, very long, naked, one-headed ; outer inv.-scales 
broadly ovate, acute, striate, inner widely membrane-edged ; rays con- 
colourous ; disc-fl. 5-toothed ; achenes amply winged ; pappus coronl- 
form, membranous. Aretotis nodosa, Th.! Cap. 711. Pinardia nodosa, 
Less.! in Linn. 1831, p. 169. Ismelia nodosa, Less.! Syn. 255. Also 
Chrys. leptophyllum, DC.! lc. 65. Argyranthemum leptophyllum, Fenzl. 
ate Bead hee: Thunberg! Olifant’s R, and Kl. Namaqualand, Drege! (Herb. 
» Hk., D.) 
A subdichotomous shrub, 1-2 f. high, the old branches bare and rough with the 
wartlike swollen bases of the fallen leaves. Leaves 1-1} inch long, not 4 line diam., 
simple and ite on the same branch. Pedunc. 8—12 inches long. Heads finch diam. 
or more. habit is that of a Sphenogyne. I have compared Drege’s ‘‘ Ch. leptophyt- 
dum” with Thunberg’s original specimen, and find them identical in all respects. 
3. C. Thunbergii (Harv.); shrubby, quite glabrous ; leaves linear- 
terete, fleshy, either entire or near the summit shortly trifid or pinnately 
5-fid, the lobes short or teoth-like, spreading, subacute; pedune. termi- 
nal, very long, naked, 1-headed; outer invol. scales short, ovate, inner 
widely membrane-edged and tipped; rays linear, concolourous (?); dis¢ 
fl. 5-toothed ; achenes amply winged; pappus coroniform, membranous. 
C. frutescens, Thunb.! Cap. 693 (non Linn.). Pyrethrum frutescens, Hb. 
Th.! n. 2. Ismelia frutescens, Less. ! Syn.255. Pinardia frutescens, Less. 
in Linn, l. c. 
Has. C Thunberg ! erb, Thunb. 
With the foliage of C. peril this ii the peduncle and inyolucre of C. nodo- 
sum. Two i marked ‘‘ Pyrethrum frutescens” exist in Hb. Thunb.; one of 
them, marked “No. 2,” belongs to this species; the other, “No.1,” to C. carnosulum. 
4. C. carnosulum (DC. 1.c. 65); shrubby, quite glabrous ; leaves li- 
near-terete, fleshy, dotted, some quite entire, most of them near the sum- 
mit shortly trifid, the lobes patent or recurved, mucronate; pedune. 
very short (2-3 times longer than the leaves), 1-headed; outer invol. 
es oblong, obtuse, the inner membrane-tipped, with a narrow, mem- 
bic ath short, concolourous; dise-flower 5-toothed ; peppus 
Tonttorm, membranous, ample. Pyrethrum frutescens, No. 1 . 
Herb. Pentzia frutescens, Fentl. am 
