434 COMPOSITE (Harv.) [ Osteospermum. 
Leaves petiolate: 
Shrub, much branched and ramulous ; achenes sub- 
subglobose, smooth ... (2) moniliferum. 
Suffrutex, erect, virgate, panicled ‘at the summit ; 
achenes oblong, 3-ridged and furrowed attheapex (3) coriaceum. 
Leaves sessile: 
Leaves coriaceous, lanceolate, cuneate at base, 
ciliate ... (4) ciliatum, 
Lys. linear-lanceolate or subulate, pungent, spinous 
toothed .. (5) pungens, 
Lys. obovate-oblong, ‘sub-membranaceous, ciliate ; 
stem and large branches hispid... ... ... ... (6) laxum, 
§ 3. Hmsvra. Shrubs, suffrutices or herbs, = Tae and softly hairy; leaves 
alternate, membranous, not thick-edged, entire or sparsely few-toothed. (Sp. 7-9.) 
Suffruticose, diffuse; lvs. cuneate, oblong, mucro- 
nate, hispid, cottony-white beneath, entire or 
toothed; rays 5-6 ... (7) hispidum, 
Shrubby, erect; lvs. cuneate- -oblong, "acuminate, 
entire, on both sides scabrous and hairy, but 
not cottony; rays 12 . (8) hirsutum, 
Sub-herbaceous ; lvs. erect, linqueeform, silky, 3-5- 
nerved ; pedune. long, glandular; rays about 8 (9) helichrysoides. 
§ 4. Viscosa. Shrubs or suffrutices, rarely sub-herbaceous, more or less copiously 
viscoso-pubescent and glandular; leaves alternate, mostly toothed or cut, sometimes 
entire. (Sp. 10-24.) 
Spinescentia; divaricately branched, twigs spinous-tipped : 
Achenes bluntly 3-cornered, minutely glandular... (10) spinosum. 
Achenes sharply 3-angled, glabrous, smooth ... (11) trigonospermum. 
Achenes broadly 3-winged, muricated = wing- 
St ig eo ae ss (12) pterospermum. 
; unarmed, ‘not spiny: 
- ian or suffrutices, with ovate or oblong, broad, toothed or cut leaves: 
A rigid shrub, scabrous and harsh to the touch; 
lvs. clasping, acute, sinuous-toothed, with 
recurved margins, rigid .. . (13) ilicifolium. 
Suffrutices, viscidulous, but scarcely scabrous ; lvs. membranous: 
Leaves sessile, more or less clasping at base: 
Leaves sinuate-toothed, with wide, 
rounded, interspaces; rays 8-9... (14) grandidentatum. 
Lys. sharply cut or pinnatifid ; rays more than 12: 
Inv. sc. biseriate, the outer sc. 
longest and broadest... ... (15) sonchifolium. 
Inv. se. 3-4 seriate, outer sc. 
shortest and narrowest... ... (16) calendulaceum. 
Leaves tapering at base into a petiole, toothed or incised: 
Iny. sc. elliptical, white-edged, 
not longer than dise ....., (17) picridioides. 
Inv. sc. lance-acuminate, longer 
dise ... (15) sonchifolium, A. 
Suffrutices with lanceolate or linear, narrow, ‘email, toothed leaves: 
Diffuse, scabrous ; lvs. sguarrose-recurved, broad 
based and clasping, sharply 3-6-toothed on 
each side; the teeth recurved ... (18) squarrosuml. 
Erect, glaucous, hispid, gland-viscid ‘above; 
lvs. linear-lanceolate, erecto-patent, sharply : 
toothed or inciso-pinnatifid ... (19) muricatum. 
Erect, scabrous; lower lvs. linear-spathulate, 
beg bluntly few-toothed ae 
... (20) asperum. 
