62 The Philippine Journal of Science 1919 
composed of genera to certain of which organisms such as the 
“bacillus” of tuberculosis and the “bacillus” of diphtheria are as- 
signed. For the genus under discussion he adopts Nocardia 
Trevisan, which he recommends for inclusion in the list of 
nomina conservanda. He says, in effect, that systematic botany 
need not concern itself with the “medical genus” Dvsco- 
myces, in which Rivolta combined, without mycological signifi- 
cance, the parasites of actinomycosis, botryomycosis, and canine 
pleurisy, nor with the genus Cohnistreptothrix, founded by Pinoy 
upon bacteriological grounds, and that Nocardia remains the 
valid name for the genus. As the Congress did not meet in 1915, 
Vuillemin’s recommendations have not yet been acted upon. 
Castellani and Chalmers have substituted, without discussion, 
Nocardia for Discomyces in the second edition of their work. (14) 
They remark that there are many points in favor of Pinoy’s 
subdivision of the genus, which probably would be soon generally 
accepted. 
The most recent discussion of this question is in a study of 
actinomycotic mycetoma by Chalmers and Christopherson, (15) 
who enumerate sixty-three species of Nocardia and eleven of 
Cohnistreptothrix. They argue the validity of Nocardia on the 
grounds: (1) that it is the oldest name against which no objec- 
tions can be raised; (2) that it has been formally adopted by 
the Botanical Section of the First International Congress of 
Pathology ;' (8) that there are objections to the other names in 
use. They eliminate Discomyces, because: 
Discomyces was used by Rivolta in 1878 merely as a trivial name, and 
though it has not been applied to any other genus, still the word Disco- 
mycetaceae was introduced in 1886 by Fries for a large fungal group and 
has come into general use, and therefore has the double claim of priority 
and general use, and as its type genus should bear the name Discomyces, 
confusion is bound to arise if the same term is retained for the generic 
name of Bollinger’s organism. 
The value of these objections will not be discussed at this 
point. 
SUMMARY 
The source and present status of the various names that have 
been applied to the organisms of this group may be summarized 
as follows: 
Cladothrix Cohn (1875). This name was used as generically 
*This probably refers to the Congrés international de pathologie com- 
parée, organized by the Société de pathologie comparée, the first and as 
yet only meeting of which was held at the Faculty of Medicine, University 
of Paris, in 1912. 
