494 Philippine Journal of Science 1919 
TABLE V.—Incidence of chief constituents of cortex of calculus as related 
to present occupation. 
| Boys 
Chief constituents. Laborers. Farmers. be ng Students. poco Total. 
| | tion 
PRGA css sicnme reer eo eee: - 8 10 6 | 4 10 38 
UPObes Ss Soria, casa ae caus q _ ty ERS Se soos 1 3 15 
Oamle tes ooss pesos. sak hee ee 1 - 3 ae ee jg Se eS 3 
Phosphates and oxalates _-___.--.--_- S EI RARE 30 ARON Baheae BAS estaekcre si 1 
Phosphates and carbonates -_.._.._.|_-..-.---|--------.. bdledecccwesuledanassuse 1 
RetehGs. cds aad 17 15 7 6 13 58 
® Carpenters, sellers, plumbers, fisherm@ny ete. 
meat. Boys without occupation would naturally be dependent 
on the earnings of their parents, whose income is, in many in- 
stances, not sufficient for the maintenance of a normal physio- 
logical existence. Students in the public schools who come from 
the average family do not as a rule receive enough allowance to 
provide them with a wholesome and nutritious food on account 
of the high cost of living in the city. The remaining cases (in- 
cluded under miscellaneous) belong to a class of occupations with 
relatively low earnings and consequent low standard of living 
and probable deficiency in nutrition. 
The distribution of cystolithiasis may be of some value in 
tracing the nutritional relations, particularly of the phosphatic 
calculi. Foreign authors attribute the irregularity of distribu- 
tion to the habits of the people, their mode of living, selection 
of food and drink, and climatic conditions (Morton(18)). This 
investigator in his clinical lecture delivered at the Long Island 
College Hospital pointed out the prevalence in India of stones 
that are primarily uratic, infiltrated with oxalates and triple 
phosphates, and only found among the legumen eaters. Gordon 
also found a predominance of uratic stones in England, and says: 
“Tt has been attributed, we think erroneously to eating meats.” 
The same author attributes the prevalence of stone in Holland 
to the hard-water supply, contrary to the opinion of Lewis(16) 
who maintains that: 
The problem of oxalurics is not to prevent the introduction of calcium salts 
but the absorption of exogenous oxalic acid in the foodstuffs. 
In the Philippines the phosphate stones predominate in almost 
all of the provinces concerned except Pampanga. Table VI gives 
this incidence, and the character of the stone here is determined 
by the chemical composition of the cortex, as this may be affected 
