XIV, 5 Uichanco: Philippine Plant Galls 535 
On the nether surface of leaf, along principal veins or at 
points where two small nervules meet. 
LuZzoN, Laguna, College of Agriculture, near lower nursery, 
Los Bafios; at an altitude of about 45 meters. March 15, 1917. 
Type gall No. 18313, College of Agriculture collection. 
Numerous specimens of these galls were found on several 
young leaves of a small Acalypha plant. <A part of these ma- 
terials was confined in Petri dishes. The day following, March 
16, 1917, most of the adults emerged. An idea may be had of 
the habits of the insect during and after emergence from the 
following notes: 
1.40 p. m.—A circular flap gradually separated from the apex 
of one of the galls, leaving a small part at the circumference 
attached to the gall. An adult midge, exposed from the pupal 
exuviee to about the metathorax, wriggled its way out through 
the opening until about one-third the length of the exuvize was 
exposed. The midge continued to wriggle, this time gradually 
withdrawing itself from the exuvie. 
1.57 p. m.—Legs completely exposed. With the legs anchored 
against the outer wall of the gall, the midge continued to struggle 
with a forward and backward motion, carrying the pupal exuvie 
until about two-thirds the total length of the latter were exposed. 
Finally, with a sudden jerk, the insect completed its emergence. 
1.58 p. m.—Wings fully expanded. 
2.17 p. m.—Midge able to fly. 
Summary.—Thé midge emerged seventeen minutes after the 
separation of the lid from the gall was first noted; the wings 
were fully expanded after another minute; and the insect was 
able to fly nineteen minutes later. 
The galls are apparently scarce, as subsequent excursions 
resulted in the finding of only one or two isolated specimens. 
Antidesma leptocladum Tul. Euphorbiacez. 
Leaf galls caused by Ctenodactylomyia antidesmz Felt. 
Monothalamous; very acutely subconical; red; sometimes 
basally or wholly concolorous with the leaf; thickly but very 
briefly pubescent. Apex slightly curved toward one side; very 
acute. Wall thin; inner layer woody, faintly greenish white; 
outer, suffrutescent. Chamber following the general shape of 
the gall. Opening basal; situated at opposite surface of leaf; 
subcircular, with a close-fitting flap, detachable through the force 
of the emerging midge. 
Length, 8.5 to 10.5 millimeters; diameter at base, 1.5 to 1.75. 
