9 
hairy, broader and longer petioled than the cotyledons.  Al- 
though the leaves are of two-fifths arrangement, the first two twist 
sufficiently to stand nearly at right angles to the cotyledons. 
Internodes not elongated, hence the leaves appear in a rosette. 
The 3d and 4th leaves are obscurely sinuate-toothed, ovate, rugose, 
hairy, especially beneath. The succeeding ones are lance-ellip- 
tical, more conspicuously sinuate-toothed, long-petioled. 
_ The plant shows no signs of flowering the first year. The tap- 
root thickens, however, preparatory to flowering the following 
year. 
Helenium autumnale, L. (Plate CXXXIV. V. W. X.) Akene 
small, 8 or 10-costate, hairy, turbinate, crowned with the pappus 
which consists of 5 or 6 chaffy pointed scales about one-half 
as large as the akene. 
Seedling mediocre, cotyledons oblong, about one-half as broad 
as long, short petioled. Hypocotyl longer than the cotyledons: 
Tap-root long, soon overtaken by the fibrous roots and lost among 
them. The seeds resemble young plants of Ribgrass (Plantago 
lanceolata, L.). The first and second leaves are elliptical and the 
succeeding are elliptical-lanceolate, 5-nerved, sparingly toothed. 
The plant is smooth throughout. The leaves although in a rosette, 
are evidently of the two-fifths arrangement. Seedlings flowered 
during the first year’s growth. 
Ambrosia trifida, L.. (Plate CXXXV. A-F.) The “fruit” of this 
species consists not only of the akene as found in other com- 
posites, but is made up of the akene closely and completely in 
vested by the gamophyllous involucre. It is “nut-like,’ beaked 
at the top and crowned by five or six short spines in a single 
series below the beak. The embryo is large and oily, obpyri- 
form. It has a caruncle-like appendage at the inferior end of 
the hypocotyl. The cotyledons are thick and large; the 
hypocotyl small and tapering abruptly downward. 
The seedlings are large, equalling in size the seedlings of 
Flelianthus annuus. The cotyledons are nearly orbicular, thick, 
reticulate veined, narrowed at base into a short sheathing petiole. 
The hypocotyl is long and slightly flattened. The tap-root main- 
tains supremacy throughout the life of the plant. Themany root-  _ 
* 
