15 
The plant does not blossom the first year. Several leaves ap- 
pear, but in the seedlings grown there is no indication of a flower- 
ing scape. As is well-known, there is never any elongation of 
internodes in this species. 
Prenanthes Serpentaria, Pursh. (Plate CXXXVIII. W. X. Y. Z.) 
Pappus straw-colored, spreading horizontally from the top of 
the akene at maturity. The akene awl-shaped, slightly flat- 
tened, dark brown. The cotyledons six times the length of 
the hypocotyl. 
The cotyledons of the seedlings are raised upon petioles longer 
than their blades.* The blade is spatulate, bent at right angles 
with the petiole at their junction. The petioles unite at their base 
to form a sheath around the plumule. The hypocotyl is shorter 
than it appears to be on account of the united bases of the coty- 
ledons appearing as its upper end. Tap-root prominent, not dif- 
fusely branched. First and second leaves, long-petioled. Petioles 
red, not margined. Blade broadly ovate,slightly lobed or toothed. 
Third and succeeding leaves deltoid as are the radical ones of the 
mature plant. 
Prenanthes alba, L. Like the preceeding species except in the 
seedlings grown the several parts were smaller and less in 
clined to be colored. 
Lactuca spicata (L.) Hitche. (Plate CXXXVIII. P-V.) Fruit not_ 
beaked, differing in this respect from some of the species of this 
genus. Pappus one and a half times the length of the akene, dirty 
white, of about 30 capillary bristles. Akene flattened and 
ribbed. Seen from the side it is ovate-elliptical; from the 
edge, lunate. The embryo, in conformity with the seed, is 
much flattened, obovate ; the cotyledons are three or four times 
the length of the hypocotyl. 
The seedling is small; cotyledons elliptical, sparingly hairy, 
reticulately veined ; hypocotyl short, one-half the length of the 
cotyledons; tap-root branching early. 
*I have in my possession a seedling plant of this species which has the petioles of — 
the cotyledons united up to the blade on one side. The close cohesion of the lower 
portions of the cotyledons i in the seed seems to indicate that this = often occur, 
