92 
He became a member of the United States Sanitary Commis- 
sion in June, 1861, and in September resigned from the army and 
accepted the Secretaryship of the Western Division of the Com- 
mission, with headquarters at Louisville, Ky. He held this very 
responsible position for five years, and during that time accom- 
plished little work in Natural Science, beyond increasing his 
geological collections, which had now become very extensive. 
On the establishment of the Chair of Geology and Palzon- 
tology, in the newly-founded School of Mines of Columbia Col- 
lege, in 1866, Dr. Newberry was elected Professor, a post which 
he held until his death, His private collection was purchased by 
the College, and liberal appropriations made for increasing it. 
These, together with the materials which he was continually col- 
lecting himself or receiving as donations or exchanges from other 
naturalists, have made the Geological Museum of Columbia sec- 
ond in importance to no other college museum in America. His 
long-continued, diligent and successful researches into fossil plants 
and fishes make this Museum especially strong in these two 
groups, it containing a very large number of type specimens, 
many of which are unique It is gratifying that these lines of 
investigation are to be followed up at Columbia by two of his 
students. 
The Geological Professorship in the School of Mines necessi- 
tated the giving of especial prominence to instruction in Economic 
Geology, and the strengthening of the collections along that line. 
Much of Dr. Newberry’s time was consequently occupied in this 
work, and his opinion on ore deposits, quarries and useful minerals 
generally, was highly prized. Calls to examine mining properties 
were far more numerous than he could answer, but during every 
vacation he traveled in one direction or another, so that every 
mining or quarrying district in North America became known to 
him. His beloved museum profited constantly during these years, 
both on the economic and the purely scientific side. He never re- 
garded the economic interests as the primary object of his work, 
however, and a new genus of fossil plants or fishes was of far more 
interest to him than a new mine. 
In 1869 Dr. Newberry accepted the Directorship of the Geo- 
logical Survey of Ohio, and enthusiastically devoting all his leks 
