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“The study of plants as to their kinds is the province of Systema- 
tic Botany, and finally, « Other departments come to view when, 
we consider plants in their relations to other things, as Geographi- 
cal, Agricultural, Medical, Botany and the like.” 
By these definitions, vegetable physiology is not identical with 
physiological botany, for the latter is made to include vegetable 
physiology and structural botany, and the name of the book, 
“Lessons in Botany and Vegetable Physiology,” implies that 
botany, does not include vegetable physiology. Again systema- 
tic botany is here made a distinct, separate department of equal 
rank with physiology and structural botany. However, if we ex- 
amine closely into the practical outcome of these definitions, we 
shall find that except the inaccuracy of excluding vegetable physi- 
ology from the subject do¢any, they correspond with the manner 
of growth and development of these different departments in this 
country. 
If Structual Botany is understood to include two parts, namely: 
the doctrine of external form and that of internal structure, it is 
€asy to see in what sense Gray included structual in the province 
of Physiological Botany. The doctrine if the internal structure 
of plants, or Anatomy, is so closely connected with that of 
physiology, that to teach the elements of either successfully, both 
must be combined. It is probably not too much to say that in . 
comparison with the progress made in the science of vegetable 
life in other countries, we are as yet not much beyond the 
elementary stage. Certainly we were not at the time Gray wrote 
the above definitions. At that date systematic botany occupied 
by far the most important place, and was therefore rightfuily ranked 
of equal if not of greater importance than the other branches. 
Also it was according to the normal method of developing a 
Science to group together subjects less thoroughly understood and 
less studied under a general term whose exact meaning was not 
sharply defined, This term was physiology, or, as Gray puts it, 
Physiological betany. There were then practically two divisions 
of the science, systematic and physiological botany, a more or less 
thorough knowledge of the former being necessary to a successful 
Study of the lattar. This, though perhaps never before stated in 
So many words, was about the actual status of the subject at that 
