113 
the apex, above more or less concave on the upper face, convex 
on the back, flattened below; a row of parenchyma cells (Deuter) 
all around on the outside and a more or less continuous one 
through the centre of the costa, the sclerenchyma cells (Stereiden) 
very small and confined to the interior of the nerve; areolation 
above and in the middle of hyaline or chlorophyllose, thick-walled 
quadrate cells, rectangular below, yellowish at the insertion ; outer 
perichaetial leaves similar to the stem leaves, the inner broadly 
sheathing. Pedicel pale yellow, 1.52.5 cm. long, usually twisted 
a few times when dry. Capsule 2-3 mm. in length, light orange 
or brown, red and narrowed at the mouth, erect, elliptical; when 
dry very much compressed laterally, with a few longitudinal 
wrinkles. Teeth of peristome cleft to the base into two semiterete 
equal segments, minutely papillose with a faint median line, rather 
obscured and distantly articulate, at the falling of the lid inter- 
twisting and breaking away at the articulations, attached to a 
short, minutely-punctulate, protruding basilar membrane. Annu- 
lus double, narrow, dehiscent, of two rows of cells. Lid elongated, 
conical, reddish, 4-1 the length of the capsule. Calyptra long, 
subulate, mostly persistent and falling with the lid, light greenish, 
the expanded portion narrow and about % the length of the 
capsule.* 
Habitat.—On broken soil, upturned tree-roots, etc., in moun- 
tain regions at all elevations up to at least 8,000 feet. Kootenai 
Co., Idaho, J. B. Leiberg, No. 126, 1889; Suoqualmie Pass, Cas- 
cone C. V. Piper, No. 119, August, 1891. 
GRIMMIA PACHYPHYLLA, n. sp. § Rhabdogrimmia. In wide, dense, 
~ inflated mats, grayish or yellowish green above, dirty yellow 
or brown below, repeatedly dichotomous, subsimple plants 
intermixed, erect or sometimes ascending from a decumbent 
base, abundantly radiculose to above the primary innovations, 
robust, 5-12 cm. in height. Leaves closely imbricate when 
dry, spreading when moist and the upper portion more or less 
recurved, oblong or broadly lanceolate from an erect open 
* Specimens sent by me to J. Breidler, at Vienna, and compared by him with the 
type of Ditrichum Knappii (Jur.) at the Herbarium of the Hof-Museum differ from 
that type in the clearly-defined, smaller vein, the cells of the upper part of the leaf 
being larger and more quadrate, the margins incurved. This new species seems to 
be quite distinct. from D.  sbbcceegesn: — like it in its inflorescence and general ap- 
PESrEaee ie _ E.G. Brirron. — 
