158 
appear in some ligneous plants was because at an earlier date, be- 
fore terminal scaly buds were formed, the tips of the branches had 
fallen off at well marked joints. This was shown to be the case 
not only in the Elm, but also in other species. 
In the common Lilac the terminal scaly buds fail to appear, 
simply on account of the fact that at an early date the tips 
of the branches wither, though remaining more or less attached to 
the stem. 
As regards the perishing from the apex downward for a cer- 
tain length zz winter, this is no doubt true of the Rose and the 
Raspberry; but in the case of the Sumac and Honey Locust it 
just as certainly is false, since in the case of both these plants 
the tips of the branches are cast off at well marked joints before 
the close of summer, as will be seen in the following paragraphs. 
The preceding passages have not been quoted in a spirit of 
criticism, but in order to show that the subject of the casting-off 
of the tips of branches, although a common occurrence, has not 
yet received all the attention it deserves. 
In the présent paper it is desired to emphasize two facts, 
that this casting-off of tips occurs in widely different families, and 
that in certain minor groups of plants, or sections of families, the 
habit is common to many species, while in other groups scaly ter- 
minal buds are the rule. It is believed that the presence or ab- 
sence of terminal scars on winter twigs has additional interest, 
since their existence may assist greatly in the determination of 
trees in winter, as suggested by the writer in another paper re- 
cently. 
In the following notes, unless otherwise specified, the obser- 
vations refer to plants growing in the vicinity of Dayton, O., the 
examinations and figures were all made during the first week of 
August. 
Tila Americana (Fig. 5). See, also, Fig. 6, Plate CXXXIL, 
of this journal, showing the same species during its winter months. 
Fig. 7 of the same plate shows one of the very few tips of Zilia 
platyphylios, still remaining attached to its branch ws ie the vist 
days of May, at Heidelberg, Germany. 
Ptelea trifoliata (Fig. 20). The petioles are light green, the. 
bark of the twigs is of an almost chocolate brown color. Theter- 
