279 
ous field observations together with the accumulation of many 
herbarium specimens have convinced me that it is distinct from 
either R. villosus or R. Canadensis, as indicated by Prof. Bailey 
from Prof. Dudley’s observations (Am. Gard. loc. cit). The plant 
is exceedingly abundant on dry wooded hills in Southwestern 
Virginia, where it was pointed out to me by Miss Vail and Mr. 
Small, who had noted its characters, and where A. Canadensis was 
not observed at all. It is also very plentiful on the Highlands of 
Navesink, N. J., in the woods; occurs in Pennsylvania and Central 
New York, and some of the type material was gathered by Dr. 
Torrey at West Point, N. Y. 
Its range is doubtless much wider, however, than above indi- 
cated. It is a procumbent or ascending species, pubescent or - 
nearly glabrous, the stem slender, sparingly prickly, the upper - 
leaves almost invariably unifoliolate, and the racemes but I-few- 
flowered. The leaflets are broadly ovate or oval, acute or more 
commonly obtuse, thin, the terminal ones usually cordate, or all 
of them rounded or obtuse at the base; the fruit is small in all the 
specimens seen by me. The plant appears to be always a dry 
' woods species. 
The specific name humifusus has already twice been used in 
the genus. I therefore propose that this plant be knownas R. . 
INVIsus (Bailey). Two possible older names by Tratteninck are 
doubtfully cited by Torrey and Gray as synonyms of their var. 
humifusus, but I cannot satisfy myself that either of them applies 
to the plant. 
R. Canadensis and its several varieties are, in so far as I have 
observed them, always strictly trailing, glabrous or nearly so, occur 
in open, sunny, sandy or rocky soil, have larger acute or acutish 
leaflets, the uppermost sometimes unifoliolate, but commonly 
3-foliolate, the racemes several-flowered, borne at the ends of 
crect or ascending branches, the fruit large, sweet and succulent, | 
and with that of R. cuneifolius our best blackberries. 
Valeriana pauciflora, Michx. Mr. R. H. Ingraham, of Niles, 
Ohio, after reading my note on this species (BULLETIN, xix. 223), 
obligingly sent me perfectly ripe fruits from a specimen collected 
by him near Indianapolis, Ind., which have the pappus elongated 
and plumose as in the other species of the genus, thus showing 
