* 425 
C. sterilis 8 Boott, Ill. 56, t. 146* (1858). 
Taller and more slender (often two feet high), the heads usually 
more. scattered and mostly somewhat greener—Common in wet 
bogs and woods, apparently in all the Northern States; occurs 
also in Louisiana, Mexico, and in Oregon and Vancouver Island. 
» Var. CEPHALANTHA (Bailey). 
C. echinata, var. cephalantha, Bailey, Mem. Torr: Bot. Club, i. 
58 (1889). 
Rather stiff but slender and tall, or the top of the culm weak (1 
2 feet high); head mostly continuous or more or less dense and 
composed of five to eight approximate (rarely scattered), large 
(15-30 flowered) green or greenish loose spikes, in which the 
mature narrow, long-beaked perigynia usually spread at nearly or 
quite right angles——Runs across the country from the northern 
borders of the United States northward, from the Atlantic to the 
Pacific, reaching as far south as the higher elevations in north- 
€astern Pennsylvania. There are two forms in this, one (the type) 
marked by aggregated spikes, and one by more or less scattered 
spikes. The latter may be worth varietal recognition. 
‘Var. ancusrara (Carey). 
C. stellulata, var. angustata, Carey, Gray’s Man. 1848, 544. 
_ C.echinata, var. angustata, Bailey, Mem. Torr. Bot. Club, i. 59 
(1889). 
Very slender, sometimes almost thread-like, weak, bearing 
long and narrow divaricate perigynia, which are either in loose 
small heads or in scattered spikes.—New England to Newfound- 
land. Apparently also in Montana. 
* CaREX ATLANTICA. 
C. stellulata, var. jets Chapm. Fl. S. States, 534 (1860), 
not C. conferta, Koch. 
C. echinata, var. conferta, Bailes: Carex Cat. (1884). 
Tall (16 to 24 inches) and very stiff and strong, the leaves 
broad but stiff and usually becoming somewhat involute when 
dry; spikes contiguous or scattered, spreading, globular or short- 
cylindrical, densely flowered, green; the terminal one slenderly 
contracted below or even entirely staminate; perigynium large 
and very broad (the body about as broad as long), with a distinct 
